教练员-运动员关系对运动表现满意度的影响——希望与运动投入的序列中介作用  

The Effect of Coach-Athlete Relationship on Sport Performance Satisfaction—Serial Multiple Mediating Effects of Hope and Athlete Engagement

作　　者：叶绿[1] 王斌[1] 刘尊佳 吴云云[1] 董良山[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学体育学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《体育科学》2016年第7期40-48,共9页China Sport Science

基　　金：国家体育总局重点研究领域课题(2012B081);国家体育总局科技服务项目(2015HT068);华中师范大学优秀博士学位论文培育计划项目(2015YBZD042)

摘　　要：为考察教练员-运动员关系对运动表现满意度的影响,以及希望和运动投入在它们之间的序列中介作用,采用问卷法对483名现役运动员进行调查。结果发现:1)教练员-运动员关系总体上显著正向预测运动表现满意度(β=0.43,P<0.001),并分别显著正向预测希望(β=0.37,P<0.001)和运动投入(β=0.21,P<0.001),希望和运动投入分别显著正向预测运动表现满意度(β=0.47,P<0.001;β=0.20,P<0.001);2)教练员-运动员关系通过4条路径影响运动表现满意度:直接作用、通过希望的中介作用、通过运动投入的中介作用、以及通过希望和运动投入的序列中介作用;3)研究构建的中介效应模型拟合度理想,共解释运动表现满意度57%的变异量,在一定程度上揭示了教练员-运动员关系对运动表现满意度的作用机制;4)教练员-运动员关系的4个维度(亲近性、承诺感、互补性和服从性)对运动表现满意度有着不同程度的预测作用,相比之下,承诺感的预测作用更加重要。研究结果提示,通过改善教练员-运动员关系,有助于提高运动员的希望和投入水平,进而促进其运动表现满意度;在教练员-运动员关系管理中,应重点培养运动员和教练员的承诺感,而不是一味地强调支配与服从。In order to explore the effect of coach-athlete relationship（CAR）on sport performance satisfaction,as well as the serial multiple mediating effects of hope and athlete engagement,this paper used questionnaires to measure 483 Chinese active athletes.The result showed that：1）CAR could significantly positively predict sport performance satisfaction on the whole（β=0.43,P〈0.001）,as well as could significantly positively predict hope（β=0.37,P〈0.001）and athlete engagement（β=0.21,P〈0.001）.Hope and athlete engagement could significantly positively predict sport performance satisfaction（β=0.47,P〈0.001;β=0.20,P〈0.001）.2）CAR affected sport performance satisfaction through four ways：through direct effect;through the mediating effect of hope;through the mediating effect of athlete engagement;through the serial multiple mediating effects of hope and athlete engagement.3）The mediating effect model had satisfactory fitting goodness and could explain 57% variance of sport performance satisfaction.To some degree,it could explained the mechanism of coach-athlete relationship impacting sport performance satisfaction.4）Four dimensions of coach-athlete relationship,namely closeness,commitment,complementarity,and submissiveness,had different predictive effects on sport performance satisfaction.By contrast,commitment had the most predictive effect.The results enlightened us that through improving the quality of CAR,athletes could increase the level of hope and engagement,and then promote sport performance satisfaction.In the management of the coach-athlete relationship,we should focus on cultivating athletes＇ and coaches＇ commitment,rather than blindly emphasizing on domination and submission.

关 键 词：教练员 运动员 关系 希望 运动投入 运动表现满意度 序列中介 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]