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作 者:张波[1] 刘丁[2] 陈炜[3] 张竹君[1] 唐棠[3] 游建平[1] 宋彩萍[3] 吴昊[1]
机构地区:[1]中国人民解放军首批援利医疗队第三军医大学西南医院,重庆400038 [2]中国人民解放军首批援利医疗队第三军医大学大坪医院野战外科研究所,重庆400042 [3]中国人民解放军首批援利医疗队第三军医大学新桥医院,重庆400037
出 处:《第三军医大学学报》2016年第14期1593-1597,共5页Journal of Third Military Medical University
基 金:国家埃博拉应急管理基金(71540020)
摘 要:埃博拉病毒(Ebola virus,EBOV)主要通过直接接触患者或感染动物的血液、体液,或被其体液污染的环境、物品表面而传播,参与埃博拉患者救治的医务人员存在较大的医院内交叉感染风险。因此,采取适当的医院感染防控措施对有效预防医院感染十分重要。现结合作者在利比里亚中国政府援建的埃博拉治疗中心(Ebola treatment center,ETC)从事医院感染防控工作的实践,介绍了中国援利ETC的医院感染防控策略,涉及ETC的建筑布局、隔离防护、清洁消毒和医疗废物处置等方面,并在中国援利ETC成功执行6个月,实现了医务人员"零感染"的目标。同时,总结了在强化隔离防护、手卫生管理、监控呼叫系统应用、感染防控督查等方面的实践经验,提出了ETC的建筑结构、消毒剂及其浓度选择等医院感染防控实践中遇到的实际问题和改进观点,为制定和完善ETC的医院感染防控方案提供参考。Ebola virus (EBOV) is spread through direct contact with blood or body fluids of an infected person or with environment or objects that have been contaminated with the virus. The infection risk is the highest for all healthcare workers caring for Ebola patients. Therefore, it is very important to effectively prevent or reduce nosocomial infection, and appropriate strategies for prevention and control are carried out in Ebola treatment center (ETC). Based on author' s working practice, a set of strategies for EBOV prevention and control, including ETC building layout, isolation and protective measures, cleaning and disinfection processes, usage of surveillance camera and hospital call systems and medical waste handling method, was established and ran successfully for 6 months in China ETC, which resulted in the achievement of zero infectious rate. Moreover, we summed up our experiences of the strengthened protection measures, hand hygiene management and infection control supervision, and brought forward our improved points of views on the building structure and selection of the disinfectant and it' s concentrations in China ETC. We hope that our strategies, experiences and views would be helpful for the establishment and optimization of project or guideline for hospital infection prevention and control of Ebola virus disease (EVD).
分 类 号:R183[医药卫生—流行病学] R197.323[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]
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