最低工资标准对企业出口产品质量的影响研究  

The Effect of Minimum Wage Standards on Firms' Export Quality

作　　者：许和连[1] 王海成[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南大学经济与贸易学院,410079

出　　处：《世界经济》2016年第7期73-96,共24页The Journal of World Economy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41371134);教育部博士点基金(20110161110028);国家社科基金项目(14BJY013)的资助

摘　　要：本文基于手工查找的2005-2010年全国2855个县区最低工资标准数据、中国工业企业数据库和海关贸易数据库的匹配数据,就最低工资标准对企业出口产品质量的影响进行了研究。研究发现:(1)中国企业出口产品质量在2000-2011年总体呈上升趋势,并表现出两个明显的"U"型变化;(2)最低工资标准显著抑制了企业出口产品质量,研发投入、企业规模、生产效率和市场竞争有助于提升出口产品质量,而融资约束则会降低出口产品质量,并且这一结论非常稳健;(3)最低工资标准对企业出口产品质量的抑制作用存在行业、所有制和地区间的差异,劳动要素密集度越高,抑制作用越大;对国有企业的抑制作用大于非国有企业;对中部地区的抑制作用大于东部,对西部地区的影响则不显著。By manually-collected data from 2005 to 2010 of minimum wage standards in 2,855 Chi- nese counties as well as China industrial enterprises and customs trade database matches, we empirically analyzes the effect of minimum wage standards on firms＇ export quality. The analysis shows that ： （ 1 ） Chi- nese firms＇ export quality exhibits an upward trend from 2000 to 2011, accompanied with two obvious U- shape changes; （2） minimum wage standards significantly inhibit firms＇ export quality. Research inputs, firms＇ scales, production efficiency and market competition can help enhance export quality, while finan- cing constraints will reduce it. This result is quite robust ; （3） the inhibition effect of minimum wage on ex- port quality varies across different industries, corporate ownerships and regions. Industries with higher labor factor intensity reflect greater inhibition effect; state-owned firms display more intense inhibition effect than private firms ; the inhibition effect is much more significant in central China than in the east, but is not sig- nificant in the west. This paper provides important implication that Chinese firms can create new competitive advantage in export through improving the minimum wage policy and upgrading the export quality.

关 键 词：最低工资标准 出口产品质量 最低工资制度 

分 类 号：F249.24[经济管理—劳动经济] F752.62[经济管理—国民经济]