降水对沣河水质和水体微生物的影响  

Impact of Precipitation on Fenghe River Water and Aquatic Microorganisms

作　　者：卢思丹 孙寓姣[1] 赵轩[1] 王蕾[1] 郑丹阳[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学水科学研究院,北京100875

出　　处：《环境科学》2016年第7期2563-2569,共7页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51178048;51378064);北京师范大学自主科研基金项目(2014KJJCB22)

摘　　要：沣河作为重要的饮用水源地,其水质条件问题一直受到关注,除了通过化学方法探究沣河水体的污染状况外.微生物的群落结构等信息也能在一定程度上反映水体污染情况,并且通过了解微生物群落结构随水质的变化,可以更深入地了解水污染与微生物的响应关系.通过化学检测研究降水变化(丰水期与枯水期)造成的沣河水质改变,并借助Illumina高通量测序方法的结果,发现微生物群落的优势种属是不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)、丛毛单胞菌科(Comamonadaceae)、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)和埃希式杆菌属(Escherichia)等,且丰水期优势菌属相比于枯水期出现了与人类活动相关的肠杆菌属和黄杆菌,表明丰水期河水受到更多的人类活动的影响;枯水期的沣河整体水质较丰水期较差,但是枯水期的微生物群落结构更稳定,多样性条件也更好.In view of that the Fenghe River water pollution has become more and more serious,nitrogen and organic matter pollution were put forward as the important study targets. Community structure of the microorganisms could reflect the water pollution condition to a certain degree. By investigating the correlation between the water condition changes and the microbial community variation,it make possible to look upon river pollution from different perspectives. By the use of Illumina high-throughout sequencing,we found that the dominant genera were Acinetobacter, Comamonadaceae, Pseudomonas and Escherichia in Fenghe River aquatic environment.Flavobacterium and Enterobacteriaceae which are known as bacteria closely related to human activities,were found to account for larger percentages in the wet season than in the dry season,thus showing that the river was more influenced by anthropogenic activities in the wet season. The water quality was better in the wet season,while the microbial community structure was more stable and the diversity condition was better in the dry season. From the aspect of chemical pollution and microbe,this research helps to carry out planning for protection of drinking water sources and improvement of water environmental condition.

关 键 词：沣河 降水 水质 微生物 Illumina测序 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]