我国水稻主产区生产效率及影响因素研究  

Production Efficiency and Affecting Factors of Rice's Dominant Areas in China

作　　者：吉星星[1] 毛世平[1] 刘瀛弢[2] 吴敬学[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所,北京100081 [2]中国农业科学院财务局,北京100081

出　　处：《中国食物与营养》2016年第6期21-25,共5页Food and Nutrition in China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"我国农业科研院所科技创新效率研究"(项目编号:71373263);国家自然科学基金项目"农业技术进步模式对我国粮食生产能力的影响评估"(项目编号:71273263);中国农业科学院科技创新工程(项目编号:ASTIP-IAED-2016-05);农业部行政专项"农产品成本收益调查研究"

摘　　要：采用DEA-Tobit两步法研究了我国水稻主产区在1997—2014年间的生产效率及影响因素。研究发现,东北平原水稻生产效率最高,长江流域次之,东南沿海最低;在影响水稻生产效率的因素中,人均收入水平、科技发展水平、收入依赖程度、市场化水平对水稻生产效率有显著的正向影响,基础教育水平有方向性的正向影响,自然灾害有方向性的负向影响。在此基础上本文提出了提高我国水稻生产效率、保障粮食安全的政策建议。This paper analyzed the production efficiency and affecting factors of rice in China from 1997 to 2014 using DEA-Tobit two stage methods. Results found that the Northeast Plain had the highest production efficiency,followed by the Yangtze River Basin,and finally the southeast coast. Among the affecting factors,the level of economic development,science and technology development level,income dependence and marketization level had significant positive influences on production efficiency,basic education level had the positive influence of direction and natural disasters had the negative influence of direction,but not significantly. The paper proposed the policy recommendations to improve the production efficiency of rice and ensure food supply and rations safety.

关 键 词：水稻 生产效率 影响因素 粮食供给 口粮安全 

分 类 号：F224[经济管理—国民经济] F326.11