浙江舟山青浜岛表土重金属含量及空间分布研究  

Concentration and Spatial Distribution of Surface Soil Heavy Metals from Qingbang Island in Zhoushan,Zhejiang Province

作　　者：田文[1] 顾延生[2] 邢新丽[2] 桂福坤[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)环境学院 [2]中国地质大学(武汉)生物地质与环境地质国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430074 [3]浙江海洋学院海洋科学与技术学院,浙江舟山316022

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2016年第6期27-32,44,共7页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41572153);院士工作站合作项目资助(2013046383)

摘　　要：文章利用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定了舟山青浜岛东坡(E坡)、西坡(W坡)表土重金属含量,分析了不同海拔高度重金属元素Cr、Cu、Zn、As、Cd和Pb的分布特征。参照中国土壤环境质量一级标准,青浜岛表土Cr、Cu、Zn、As、Cd和Pb含量普遍超标,且W坡污染程度较严重,其内梅罗综合污染指数最高值达1.77。随着海拔的升高,E坡Cr、Cu和Pb污染程度加剧,而W坡未表现出这一变化趋势,这与E、W坡大气沉降差异相关。潜在生态风险评价表明,RI值随海拔高度先降后升,在近山顶海拔90 m处达到最大值91.97,主要受到Cr和As的影响,岛屿重金属污染为轻微生态风险。实地考察和实验分析表明,青浜岛表土重金属污染与成土母质无关,重金属主要来自大气传输和差异沉降,个别异常点的出现与岛上居民生产活动有关,尤其是W坡重金属Pb的分布。整体而言,青浜岛表土重金属污染程度不高,属于轻度危害水平。In order to measure concentrations of surface soil on eastern and western slope of Qingbang Island in Zhoushan,spatial patterns of heavy metals including chromium,copper,zinc,arsenic,cadmium and lead at different altitudes were explored by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry（ICP-AES）. Referring to Grade I of Chinese soil environmental quality standard,the contents of chromium,copper,zinc,arsenic,cadmium and lead at surface soil of the Island exceeded commonly,besides the pollution degree of western slope more serious than eastern slope,with its highest Nemerow Pollution Index as 1.77. With the growth of altitude,chromium,copper and Pb pollution levels increased on eastern slope, while did not meet the phenomenon on western slope, which is associated with divergence of atmospheric deposition. Potential ecological risk assessment showed that RI value at first decreased with rising altitude and subsequently increased,and reached a maximum 91.97 at the peak（90 m）. RI value is mainly dominated by Cr and As,pollution of the Island heavy metals is a slight ecological risk. Heavy metals pollution of surface soil at the Island is primarily from atmospheric transmission and differential settlement,has nothing to do with the soil parent material based on the field investigation and laboratory analysis. The distribution of Pb in leeward slope is related to islanders productive activities. Overall,the degree of heavy metals pollution at the Island is at the level of mild risk.

关 键 词：青浜岛 表土 重金属 潜在生态危害 

分 类 号：X825[环境科学与工程—环境工程]