论海上责任保险中“保险事故”的认定  

On the legal definition of insurance accident of marine liability insurance

作　　者：李天生[1] 杨聪惠 

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学法学院,辽宁大连116026

出　　处：《中国海商法研究》2016年第2期76-83,共8页Chinese Journal of Maritime Law

摘　　要：海上责任保险中,损害事故发生至责任产生过程是一条连锁反应链:损害事故发生——第三人请求赔偿——赔偿责任确定——履行赔偿责任。在这个复杂的过程中如何准确认定"保险事故",理论和实践领域尚存争议。海上责任险保险事故的认定会对被保险人的索赔请求权范围、权利保护时效、海上责任保险纠纷的法律适用等问题产生影响。为准确合理地认定"保险事故",进而确定被保险人索赔请求权范围和权利保护时效、解决保险合同纠纷法律适用等问题,笔者建议以"高度盖然性标准"判断被保险人是否存在责任损失,在此理论基础上,以"经修正的损害事故说""经修正的请求赔偿说"认定海上责任险保险事故的成立时间。The formation of liability in marine liability insurance is a chain reaction： occurrence of maritime accident-claims for loss or damage made by the third party-determination of the insured＇s responsibility-payment of the indemnity. It is hard to judge ＂insurance accident＂reasonably during this complicated process. ＂insurance accident＂makes great influence on claims for indemnity,limitation period for claims and application of law with regard to contracts of marine liability insurance.In order to judge it reasonably,the author provides a standard,named＂high degree of probability＂,to judge the loss of the insured＇s liability. Based on this standard,two new theories are established for solving the problems of judging ＂insurance accident＂reasonably,namely ＂the modified theory of accident happened＂and ＂the modified theory of claims made＂.

关 键 词：海上责任保险 保险事故 高度盖然性责任损失 

分 类 号：DF961.9[政治法律—国际法学]