新疆部分小麦材料籽粒硬度基因等位变异的分子鉴定及其分布  

Distribution and Molecular Identification of Kernel Hardness Gene Alleles in Part of Wheat Germplasms of Xinjiang

作　　者：哈力旦.依克热木 芦静[1] 周安定[1] 曾潮武[1] 曹俊梅[1] 梁晓东[1] 刘联正[1] 范贵强[1] 张新忠[1] 黄天荣[1] 高永红[1] 吴新元[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院粮食作物研究所,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2016年第6期981-986,共6页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(KY2014029);新疆维吾尔自治区研究与技术开发计划重大专项(201230116-1)~~

摘　　要：【目的】明确小麦籽粒硬度基因Puroindoline基因的等位变异组成与分布,比较新疆当地小麦材料与外引小麦材料硬度基因之间的差别,为改良新疆小麦品种奠定基础。【方法】用Pina-D1b、Pinb-D1b和候补基因非Pinb-D1b等位基因的分子标记,对新疆种植小麦材料的籽粒硬度基因PINA和PINB的分布情况进行分子鉴定。【结果】在鉴定的263份材料中,含Pina-D1b基因的为19.77%,含Pinb-D1b的为29.28%,含互补基因非Pinb-D1b为70.72%;Pina-D1b与Pinb-D1b基因类型在冬春小麦材料中分布不尽相同,Pina-D1b突变基因类型中,春小麦与冬小麦分别为52.68%与1.76%;在Pinb-D1b突变基因类型中,为12.9%与38.23%;Pina-D1b突变基因在新疆当地材料、其他国内材料和国外材料中的频率分别为28.57%、1.89%和33.96%,而Pinb-D1b基因类型的分布,不同来源材料出现的频率差异不明显。【结论】新疆小麦材料中含有突变类型Pina-D1b基因与Pinb-D1b基因的分布。Pina-D1b、Pinb-D1b和候补基因非PinbD1b基因标记引物,可作为小麦籽粒硬度基因鉴定的有效工具,提高小麦品质的选择效率。【Objective】The study is to research the allelic composition and distribution of kernel hardness gene（ Puroindoline gene） and difference of kernel hardness gene between local wheat materials of Xinjiang and introduced wheat materials in the hope of laying the foundation for improvement of wheat variety in Xinjiang.【Method】Using molecular markers Pina- D1 b,Pinb- D1 b,and non- Pinb- D1 b of complemental gene to identify distribution of kernel hardness gene PINA and PINB in cultivated wheat germplasms of Xinjiang.【Result】The results showed that 19. 77% of materials had allele Pina- D1 b,29. 28% of materials had allele Pinb- D1 b and 70. 72% of materials had allele non- Pinb- D1 b in 263 germplasm; the alleles Pina-D1 b and Pinb- D1 b had a different distribution in winter and spring wheat germplasm,and spring and winter wheat materials respectively were 52. 68% and 1. 76% in mutant gene type Pina- D1 b and 12. 9% and38. 23% in mutant gene type Pinb- D1b; the distribution frequency of local materials of Xinjiang,other domestic materials and foreign materials were respectively 28. 57%,1. 89% and 33. 96% in mutant gene type Pina- D1b; but in mutant gene type Pinb- D1 b,the distribution frequency did not have obvious difference.【Conclusion】The study concluded that wheat materials in Xinjiang had mutant gene type Pina- D1 b and Pinb- D1 b and using molecular markers Pina- D1 b,Pinb- D1 b,and non- Pinb- D1 b of complemental gene could be acted as effective way to identify kernel hardness of wheat for enhancing efficiency of selection in wheat quality breeding.

关 键 词：新疆小麦 PUROINDOLINE基因 分子标记 等位变异 

分 类 号：S512[农业科学—作物学] S503.53