珍稀克隆植物北极花有性繁殖及其对资源的分配和利用  

The Sexual Reproduction and Plant Strategies for Resource Acquisition and Mass Partitioning in Rare Clonal Plant Linnaea borealis L.

作　　者：翟雅芯 王玥[1] 魏仙仙 何爽[1] 张爱勤[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆大学生命科学与技术学院,乌鲁木齐830046

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2016年第6期1122-1128,共7页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：NSFC-新疆联合基金项目(U1203102);新疆生物资源基因工程重点实验室项目(XJDX0201-2011-08);新疆大学大学生创新训练项目(XJU-SRT-14067)~~

摘　　要：【目的】有性繁殖使克隆植物具有潜在适应环境变化的能力,对植物生活史具有重要影响。【方法】为了深入理解植物有性繁殖各构成因素之间的相互关系及对资源的分配和利用情况,通过野外观测及室内测定,研究珍稀克隆植物北极花有性繁殖与相关构成因素。【结果】北极花分株长达(60.14±5.70)cm,各分株的构件参数营养枝数量、有性枝数量和分株果实数分别为(8.23±1.18)枝、(2.50±0.30)枝和(1.47±0.29)个。有性繁殖所占分株生物量比例为7.06%±1.30%。在分株水平上,有性繁殖适合度的直接影响因素为有性分枝数量,不受分株长度和生物量的影响;而营养枝作为克隆株的同化器官,可间接的影响有性繁殖。在居群水平上,斑块内果实数与有性分枝数量、结实率的相关系数分别为0.849、0.847,均呈极显著相关(P<0.01);而与斑块大小(面积)无相关性。【结论】北极花具有相对低的有性繁殖状态,有性繁殖的衡量参数果实数仅与有性分枝数量和结实率相关,而表现出与对繁殖适合度有较大贡献的其他性状不相关。依据遗传不育进化的流行假说,如果北极花的有性繁殖对维持居群遗传多样性的贡献率过低,那么其有性繁殖有通过不育突变而衰退的风险。【Objective】Sexual reproduction has an important influence on clonal plant life history,for it increases the potential ability of clonal plant adapting to the changeable environment.【Method】To understand interactions among component factors contributing to plant sexual reproduction,and resource condition in terms of distribution and partitioning,we studied sexual reproduction effort and some related agronomical traits such as sizes of clonal ramets,no. of fruit,assimilation shoots and flowering shoots per clonal ramet,biomass allocation ratio of clonal ramets,no. of flowering shoots,fruit set ratio of different size clonal patch and so on in Linnaea borealis by observation in the wild and measurement indoor. 【Result】The results showed the clonal ramets was（ 60. 14 ± 5. 70） cm length,with assimilation shoots of（ 8. 23 ± 1. 18）,flowering shoots of（ 2. 50 ± 0. 30） and fruits of（ 1. 47 ± 0. 29） per clonal ramet. The sexual reproduction fitness was affected directly by sexual branch number,and not affected by ramet length and biomass at ramet level by correlation analysis. The assimilation shoots,the assimilation organs of cloned ramets,affected indirectly sexual reproduction fitness of population by impacting on the number of flowering shoots. At population level,the number of fruit was correlated significantly with the sexual branch number and fruit set rate with the correlation coefficient of 0. 849,0. 847 respectively（ P〈0. 01）,and no correlation with clonal patch size. 【Conclusion】L. borealis had relatively low sexual reproduction effort. The fruit number,the measure parameters of sexual reproduction,was only related to sexual branch number and fruit set rate,and no correlation with other traits which have greater contribution to offspring fitness such as sizes of clonal ramets,no. of assimilation shoots,ramets biomass and clonal patch size. On the basis of the evolution hypothesis of genetic sterility,the sexual reproduction would have the risk of degradation by sterility

关 键 词：北极花(Linnaea borealis L.) 克隆植物 有性繁殖 构件参数 相关分析 

分 类 号：Q94-1[生物学—植物学]