成员与社会秩序:常人方法论的社会结构观  

Members and Social Order:An Ethnomethodological Perspective of Social Structure

作　　者：袁同凯[1] 袁兆宇[2] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学周恩来政府管理学院社会学系 [2]清华大学社会学系

出　　处：《南开学报（哲学社会科学版）》2016年第4期81-91,共11页Nankai Journal:Philosophy,Literature and Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(13BMZ064)

摘　　要："成员"是常人方法论的核心概念之一,常人方法论运用这一概念替代了传统社会学理论中的"行动者"概念,并以此为基础铺陈了常人方法论从成员到社会秩序的整套理论逻辑,从而为社会学对于"社会结构"的想象力注入了常人方法论的独特可能性。常人方法论以成员概念为基础的社会结构观主要体现在成员概念本身的结构性构成、成员实践的结构性和时空性、社会秩序的内源性和自发性,它们以"成员-实践-结构"的逻辑顺序推演了常人方法论以"构成"为基本视角的社会结构观。这种彻底经验化和碎片化的结构观既面临着囿于具体经验之流的危险,又是常人方法论彻底的反思性见解,后者蕴含了对"结构-能动关系"这一当代社会学理论母题的原初性概念疗救。＂Member＂ is one of the key concepts in ethnomethodology, a concept that is used by ethnomethodology to replace the concept of practitioner in traditional sociological theories. The concept of members is taken as an initial basis to narrate the ethnomethodological logic that begins from members and ends in social order, giving a unique ethnomethodological possibility to the sociological imagination of ＂social structure.＂ Ethnomethodological understanding of social structure, as is based on the concept of members, is mainly manifested in the structural components of the concept of members, the structural, temporal and spatial features of members＇ practice, and the inborn and spontaneous nature of social order. These concepts follow the logical sequence of ＂member-practice-structure,＂ constituting an ethnomethod- ological perspective of social structure that is basically built upon the perspective of social components. This structural view, completely empirical and fragmented, is limited to detailed experience. However, it can also be a thorough ethnomethodological reexamination, containing a primitive therapeutic function for the relation between structure and agency, a motif of modem sociological theories.

关 键 词：常人方法论 成员 社会结构 社会秩序 实践 

分 类 号：C912[经济管理]