重力对植物细胞生长的效应  

Effects of Gravity on Growth of Plant Cells

作　　者：蔡伟明[1] 金晶[1] 陈海莹[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海生命科学研究院植物生理生态研究所,上海200032

出　　处：《空间科学学报》2016年第4期552-556,共5页Chinese Journal of Space Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31570859);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2011CB710902);中国科学院空间科学战略性先导科技项目(XDA04020202-15);载人航天工程项目(SZ-8)共同资助

摘　　要：从地基研究植物向重性和在神舟八号卫星微重力条件下培养植物细胞出发,探讨重力变化对植物细胞发生作用时产生的生物学效应.已有结果显示,在植物向重性反应和处于失重状态时,重力方向和大小变化对细胞壁代谢具有一定影响.推断细胞形状的维持是由细胞壁的刚性与细胞内膨压平衡所致,当细胞膨压大于细胞壁刚性导致上述平衡打破时就会引起细胞体积增大.因此,重力的变化可能会通过影响植物细胞壁刚性与细胞内膨压的平衡影响细胞生长.In this review,the biological effects of gravity change on plant cells based on the data obtained from both ground-based research and space experiment on board the Chinese spaceship Shenzhou-8 are discussed.These data demonstrate the impact of direction and intensity changes of gravity on cell wall metabolism during plant gravitropism and cells in the state of weightlessness.The maintaining of cell shape requires the balance between cell wall rigid and cell turgor pressure is assumed.When the turgor pressure is greater than the rigid,the balance is broken which may lead to increased cell volume.Therefore the change of gravity may affect the growth of cells through the influence of the balance between cell wall rigidity and cell turgor pressure.

关 键 词：植物向重性 生长素 不对称生长 细胞壁 微重力 

分 类 号：V524.1[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]