燃煤型氟中毒病区8～12岁儿童工作记忆水平调查  

Investigation of working memory level of children aged 8-12 living in coal-burning related endemic fluorosis areas

作　　者：金庭旭[1] 韩涛[1] 韦艳[1] 吴彦秋[1] 王忠宏[1] 张华[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州医科大学公共卫生学院环境卫生学教研室,贵州贵阳550025

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2016年第5期409-411,共3页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：科技部国家科技支撑计划课题(2013BAI05B03);国家自然科学基金(81360412);贵州省科技合作计划项目(黔科合LH字[2015]7331);贵州省卫生厅科学技术基金项目(黔卫发[2013]71)

摘　　要：目的研究燃煤型氟中毒病区某小学8~12岁儿童工作记忆水平及其与年龄、氟斑牙程度的关系,探讨氟中毒对学龄期儿童工作记忆的影响。方法于2015年3月对贵州省284名8~12岁儿童（包括地方性氟中毒病区167人,对照区117人）进行氟斑牙诊断,并使用工作记忆量表测定其工作记忆水平,分析不同年龄和不同氟斑牙程度的儿童工作记忆水平情况及三者间相关关系。结果病区儿童氟斑牙检出率为53.9%,高于对照区（0%）,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）,该病区氟斑牙患病指数为0.59,属于氟中毒边缘流行地区。病区儿童工作记忆总分及词语、空间、视觉形状、视觉顺序记忆各单项分数均低于对照区,差异均有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;除9岁儿童词语记忆和11岁儿童空间记忆外,其余各年龄段儿童各指标得分均为病区低于对照区,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。病区儿童不同氟斑牙程度的工作记忆总分及各单项分数无明显规律性变化（P〉0.05）。病区儿童年龄与工作记忆总分（r_s=0.247,P=0.002）、词语记忆（r_s=0.168,P=0.033）、空间记忆（r_s=0.189,P=0.016）、视觉形状记忆（r_s=0.192,P=0.014）间均呈正相关。结论氟中毒可能损伤学龄期儿童的工作记忆水平,但具体原因尚不明确,有待进一步研究。Objective To investigate the relationship between age, levels of dental fluorosis and working memory（WM） levels in children aged 8-12 living in coal-burning-related fluorosis area. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the prevalence of dental fluorosis and WM levels in 284 children（n=167 for CBF area, n=120 for control area） aged8-12 in Mar, 2015, and the difference of WM levels with different levels of dental fluorosis was analyzed. Results The prevalence rate of dental fluorosis of children in endemic area was 53.9%, which was significantly higher than control（0%,P〈0.01）. The dental fluorosis index was 0.59 in endemic area, identified as an edge area of epidemic of endemic fluorosis. The total points and scores of memory of word, space, shape, order of children in endemic area were lower than control（P〈0.01）.The WM level in endemic area was lower than control in each age groups（P〈0.05）, except the word memory in age of nine and space memory in 11. The results of children＇s WM level with different levels of dental fluorosis showed no statistical significance（P〈0.05）. The degree of WM level positively correlated with age except order memory（r_（s-age-total）=0.247, P=0.002;r_（s-age-word）=0.168,P=0.033;r_（s-age-space）=0.189,P=0.016;r_（s-age-shape）=0.192, P=0.014）. Conclusion High fluoride exposure may decrease WM levels of children aged 8-12, the mechanism is still unknown.

关 键 词：燃煤型氟中毒 儿童 工作记忆 氟斑牙 

分 类 号：R994.6[医药卫生—毒理学]