置盐定理与利润率趋向下降规律:数理结构、争论与反思  

Okishio Theorem and Marx's Theory of the Tendency of the Rate of Profit to Fall: Mathematical Structure,Arguments and Reflection

作　　者：李帮喜 王生升[1] 裴宏[2] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学社会科学学院经济学研究所 [2]福州大学管理学院

出　　处：《清华大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2016年第4期178-186,198,共9页Journal of Tsinghua University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：教育部留学回国人员科研启动基金项目;北京市哲学社会科学基金一般项目(15JGB125);清华大学人文社科振兴基金研究项目(2014WKYB006);清华大学自主科研计划项目(2014z21044)

摘　　要：我们在一个相对简化的框架下,从数理结构和经济含义的双重意义上回顾和反思了马克思主义政治经济学学者对置盐定理的主要争论,进而阐述了置盐定理与马克思的利润率趋向下降规律之间的区别与联系:即二者在对经济变量的定义、经济概念的解释,以及研究对象等多个维度均有较大的区别,二者从本质上讨论的是不同抽象层次的问题,因此置盐的模型既非支持也非否定马克思的利润率下降规律,二者其实并无本质矛盾。但在考证对置盐定理本身的批评与理论扩展的基础上,置盐定理相关结论的数学稳定性以及经济预测能力在面对各种复杂的现实经济条件时会受到极大影响。This paper reviews the arguments over the Okishio Theorem among the Marxian economists in a relatively simple framework,which is composed of the mathematical structure and the economics meaning. Based on this,it is proved that there are many differences between the Okishio Theorem and the tendency of the profit rate to fall: the object,the definitions of variables and the explanations of concepts. The Okishio Theorem and the tendency of the profit rate to fall focus separately on different problems with different abstract levels. Okishio Theorem can neither support nor refute the tendency of the profit rate to fall. Anyway,considering the criticisms and the expansions of Okishio Theorem,the stability and prediction capability of the Okishio Theorem will be seriously affected when it is faced with the complicated realistic conditions.

关 键 词：利润率趋向下降规律 置盐定理 固定资本 联合生产 Perron-Frobenius定理 

分 类 号：F014.3[经济管理—政治经济学]