孕期心理健康状况调查及相关因素分析  

Investigation and Relative Factors Analysis of Mental Health Status During Pregnancy

作　　者：姜莹[1] 葛璐 车浩流 王安静 赵娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院北京妇幼保健院,北京市100026 [2]深圳市辣妈帮科技有限公司

出　　处：《中国全科医学》2016年第21期2528-2534,共7页Chinese General Practice

基　　金：中国妇女发展基金会专项基金支持项目

摘　　要：目的通过调查我国孕妇孕期心理健康状况并分析相关因素,了解我国孕产妇的心理特点,发现需重点干预、支持的人群。方法 2015年6—12月,选取下载有深圳辣妈帮科技有限公司开发的孕期伴侣APP的孕妇为线上调查对象。同时选取配合度较好的全国不同地区、经济、文化水平的11个省、市、自治区(安徽省、北京市、广东省、广西壮族自治区、河南省、湖北省、湖南省、江苏省、山西省、上海市和天津市)的建档孕妇为线下调查对象。采用互联网和传统纸质问卷相结合的形式,借助互联网、手机移动设备和现场纸质问卷,通过线上线下并行的方式,开展问卷调查。调查孕妇基本资料(包括年龄、地区、学历、职业、计划妊娠情况、胎次、家庭人口数、家人教育观、与配偶讨论养育问题情况等),分别采用状态-焦虑分量表(S-AI)、9条目病人健康问卷(PHQ-9)抑郁症筛查量表、生活满意度量表(SWLS)、社会支持评定量表评价孕妇焦虑情况、抑郁情况、生活满意度情况、社会支持情况。结果线上6 728例孕妇做了问卷;线下发放问卷1 200份,回收问卷1 024份。线上线下共回收问卷7 752份,其中完成焦虑情况测评的有4 530份(58.03%),完成抑郁情况测评的有2 697份(34.55%),完成生活满意度情况测评的有2 018份(25.85%),完成社会支持情况测评的有1 242份(15.91%)。4 530例孕妇焦虑情况得分为(42.9±11.9)分,2 697例孕妇抑郁情况得分为[6(6)]分,2 018例孕妇生活满意度情况得分为[21(11)]分,1 242例孕妇社会支持情况得分为(38.7±7.0)分。不同年龄、地区、学历、职业、计划妊娠情况、胎次、家庭人口数、家人教育观及是否与配偶讨论养育问题情况的孕妇焦虑情况、抑郁情况、生活满意度情况、社会支持情况得分比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论我国孕产妇的焦虑、抑郁情况值得进一步关注,尤其要重�Objective To investigate the mental health status of Chinese pregnant women during pregnancy and analyze the relative factors,to understand the psychological characteristics of Chinese pregnant and lying- in women and identify the priority populations for intervention and support. Methods Pregnant women who had downloaded the Pregnancy Companion APP developed by Shenzhen Lamabang Technology Limited from June 2015 to December 2015 were selected as the online research objects,and meanwhile registered pregnant women with good degree of adaptability from 11 provinces, cities or autonomous regions（ Anhui, Beijing, Guangdong, Guangxi, He＇ nan, Hubei, Hu＇ nan, Jiangsu, Shanxi, Shanghai and Tianjin） of various levels of economy and culture and economy across China were enrolled as the offline research objects. Adopting the combination method of internet and traditional paper- based questionnaire and with the help of internet,mobile devices and paper questionnaires on spot, we carried out questionnaire survey through online and offline parallel. Basic information of pregnant women was researched（ including age,region,education level,types of professions,planned or unplanned pregnancy,birth order,family size,family view on education,parenting discussion with spouse etc.）. Standard State- Trait Anxiety Inventory Form Y- I（ S-AI）,9- items Patient Health Questionnaire（ PHQ-9） Depression Screening Scale,Satisfaction With Life Scale（ SWLS） and Social Support Rating Scale were used to assess the condition of anxiety,depression,life satisfaction and social support of pregnant women respectively. Results 6 728 pregnant women completed the questionnaires online,and 1 024 were recovered among the distributed 1 200 questionnaires offline. 7 752 questionnaires were recovered both online and offline,including 4 530（ 58. 03%） valid questionnaires on anxiety condition assessment,2 697（ 34. 55%） valid questionnaires on depression,2 018（ 25. 85%） valid questionnaires on life satisfaction and 1 242（ 15.

关 键 词：孕妇 焦虑 抑郁 生活满意度 社会支持 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]