论我国少数民族传统设计知识产权保护的法律模式  

On the Legal Model of the Intellectual Property Protection of Traditional Designs of Ethnic Minorities in China

作　　者：严永和[1] 彭伟[2] 

机构地区：[1]中南民族大学湖北省民族立法研究中心 [2]中南民族大学法学院,博士研究生武汉市430074

出　　处：《民族研究》2016年第3期15-28,123,共14页Ethno-National Studies

基　　金：2012年度国家社会科学基金项目"中国传统文化资源知识产权保护立法研究"(项目编号:12BFX109)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：传统设计属于近期以来世界知识产权组织正在研究讨论予以知识产权保护的传统文化资源的范畴,具有重要的商业和文化价值。我国少数民族具有丰富的传统设计。在现行知识产权制度框架下,我国少数民族传统设计的知识产权保护,主要有两大制度路径:一是外观设计专利制度,二是实用艺术作品著作权制度。外观设计专利制度可以为我国少数民族传统设计提供消极保护,防止他人盗用或者不正当利用传统设计;现行实用艺术作品著作权制度很难为我国少数民族传统设计提供保护。现行外观设计专利制度和实用艺术作品著作权制度应当进行适当创新,从而对我国少数民族传统设计提供更好的保护。最佳立法模式是,吸取专利法、外观设计准专利法和著作权法的制度营养,结合我国少数民族传统设计的特点,制定传统设计特别权利保护法。Traditional designs are defined as important cultural resources by World Intellectual Property Organization due to their vital commercial value.China's ethnic minorities have created a great bunch of traditional designs.Under the framework of the current intellectual property system,two institutional dynamics are established to provide intellectual property protection for traditional designs of ethnic minorities in China:exterior design patent system and copyright system of applied art works.The exterior design patent system provides negative protection for traditional designs of China's ethnic minorities through preventing any unauthorized or illegal use.The copyright system of applied art works,however,hardly provides any protection for traditional designs.Some appropriate innovation should be brought into current systems for improvement of the protection of traditional designs.The author argues that the best legislative model is to make sui generis rights protection law of traditional designs according to the characters of China's ethnic minorities through absorbing the essence of current intellectual property laws,such as Patent Act,Exterior Design Act and Copyright.

关 键 词：少数民族 传统设计 知识产权保护 专利法 著作权法 

分 类 号：D997.1[政治法律—国际法学] D923.4[政治法律—法学]