油井清蜡技术研究进展  

Review of research progress of oil well paraffin removal technology

作　　者：荆国林[1] 包迪[1] 王精一 叶萍[1] 张明东 

机构地区：[1]东北石油大学化学化工学院石油与天然气化工省高校重点实验室,黑龙江大庆163318 [2]海洋石油工程股份有限公司,天津300452 [3]中煤陕西榆林能源化工有限公司化工分公司,陕西榆林719000

出　　处：《能源化工》2016年第3期38-42,共5页Energy Chemical Industry

基　　金：东北石油大学研究生创新科研项目资助(编号:YJSCX2015-018NEPU);东北石油大学培育基金项目(编号:XN2014115)

摘　　要：主要概述了油井的结蜡机理及影响因素,重点阐述了机械清蜡技术、热力清蜡技术、微生物清蜡技术及化学清蜡技术等4种清蜡技术的研究现状及未来发展趋势。对比分析表明,化学清蜡技术清蜡效果好,成本低。对油基清蜡剂、水基清蜡剂和乳液型清蜡剂等3种化学清蜡剂进行了详细分析。其中,乳液型清蜡剂安全、环保,研究清蜡与防蜡相结合并起到降凝降黏作用的多功能清蜡剂是未来发展的方向。如未来能够实现多种清蜡技术结合运用(如化学清蜡技术与机械清蜡技术相结合),清蜡效果会更佳。The oil well paraffin deposit mechanism and influencing factors are reviewed,and the research status and future developing trend of oil well paraffin removal technologies including mechanical paraffin removal technology,thermal wax removal technology,microbial paraffin removal and chemical paraffin removal technology are expounded. The four technologies are compared and analyzed,and the results show that the chemical paraffin removal technology has advantages of good melting effect and low cost. Chemical paraffin removers mainly include the oil-based paraffin remover,water-based wax remover and emulsion paraffin remover. Among them,the emulsion paraffin remover behaves not only safe,but also green. The future direction of the field is to study multifunction paraffin remover which can remove wax,prevent wax and reduce the condensation point and viscosity. The paraffin removal effect will be better if multiple paraffin removal technologies such as combination of chemical paraffin removal technology and mechanical paraffin removal technology can be applied in the paraffin removal.

关 键 词：清蜡剂 机械清蜡技术 微生物清蜡技术 热力清蜡技术 化学清蜡技术 

分 类 号：TE358.2[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]