绿洲区长期膜下滴灌棉田土壤盐分离子分布  

The Distribution of Soil Salinity and Ion in Cotton Field with Long-term Drip Irrigation in Oasis Area

作　　者：李向春[1] 李文昊[2,3] 韩冬梅[1] 孙秀敏[1] 杨金文[2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆石河子职业技术学院,新疆石河子832000 [2]石河子大学水利建筑工程学院,新疆石河子832000 [3]现代节水灌溉兵团重点实验室,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2016年第7期65-69,共5页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51369027)

摘　　要：通过比较典型绿洲灌区(新疆石河子市下野地灌区)6个不同膜下滴灌年限棉田总盐、盐分离子分布,尝试揭示长期应用膜下滴灌技术对土壤化学性质的影响,结果表明,受干旱气候条件影响绿洲区膜下滴灌棉田土壤中总盐及Na^+、Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)、SO^(2-)_4和Cl^-在垂直方向均呈现出"浅集表聚"的分布特征。以膜下滴灌年限为横坐标的水平方向表现出,总盐和盐分离子随膜下滴灌年限的延长逐渐降低。但由于棉田土壤中盐分离子本底含量以及化学性质的差异,5种离子年平均降低速率有所不同。结果表明绿洲区现行灌溉制度下膜下滴灌棉田盐胁迫作用逐年减轻的同时棉田土壤化学性质也在发生变化。研究拟为膜下滴灌技术的可持续推广提供一定的理论支持。Through compare the distribution of cotton salt and salt ion in the typical oasis irrigation area（Xiayedi irrigation area in Shihezi city of Xinjiang）which has six different membrane drip irrigation years,this paper try to toelucidate the influence by applying drip irrigation technology on soil chemical properties.The results showed that the salt and Na~＋,Ca^（2＋）,Mg^（2＋）,SO^（2-）_4 and Cl^-in oasis area drip irrigation cotton field Gathered in the shallow in the vertical direction,and the arid climate condition is the main influence factor.The drip irrigation duration as the horizontal coordinate find that the total salt and salt ions decreased with the drip irrigation.But due to the cotton field soil salt ion background content and the difference of chemical properties,The average rate of the five kinds ions is different.The results show that under the present Oasis area irrigation system,cotton salt stress under drip irrigation decrease year by year and chemical properties of cotton field soil are also changing.The research is to provide some theoretical support for the sustainable development promotion of drip irrigation technology.

关 键 词：土壤 灌溉 盐分 种植年限 滴灌 

分 类 号：S275[农业科学—农业水土工程]