哈萨克斯坦扎纳诺尔油田石炭系碳酸盐岩浅滩沉积模式及储层质量差异机理  

Sedimentary model and reservoir heterogeneity of Carboniferous carbonate beach in Zanazor,Kazakhstan

作　　者：高白水[1] 金振奎[1] 朱小二 魏凯[1] 伊硕[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学地球科学学院,北京102249

出　　处：《石油学报》2016年第7期867-877,共11页Acta Petrolei Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)项目(2006CB202300)资助

摘　　要：浅滩储层不同部位的储集物性差异明显。对哈萨克斯坦扎纳诺尔油田石炭系浅滩储层的研究表明,沉积相是导致该类储层物性差异的主要原因。滨岸环境包括4个波浪带,表现出不同的水动力特征:1涨浪带,海底低于正常浪基面,波浪对海底没有明显作用;2升浪带,海底高于正常浪基面,同时水深超过2倍波高,海底沉积物受到轻微扰动;3破浪带,水深介于1倍和2倍波高,海底沉积物受到持续扰动;4涌浪-冲浪带,水深小于1倍波高,波浪破碎,海底沉积物剧烈震荡。波浪带控制了沉积物特征,据此将浅滩分为3个亚相:1间歇高能滩,主要沉积灰泥颗粒石灰岩,储集物性差,电测曲线表现出低声波、高电阻和高伽马特征;2破浪-升浪滩,主要沉积亮晶有孔虫-蜓石灰岩,储集物性好,电测曲线表现出高声波、低电阻和低伽马特征;3涌浪-冲浪滩,主要沉积亮晶鲕粒石灰岩,储集物性差,电测曲线表现出低声波、高电阻和低伽马特征。由海向陆方向,随着水深逐渐减小、水体循环减慢以及盐度增加,胶结作用的速度和强度出现显著差异,导致不同亚相沉积物的原始孔隙及次生孔隙的发育明显不同。因此,沉积相是控制该区储层质量的主要因素。Significant differences exist in reservoir properties of carbonate beach. In this paper, Carboniferous shoal reservoirs in Zanazor, Kazakhstan are studied, and the results show that sedimentary facies is a primary cause for the physical property differences among such reservoirs. Littoral environment includes four wave belts with different hydrodynamic characteristics： （1） rising wave belt：seabed is lower than normal wave base, and waves have no obvious effect on seabed; （2） upwash wave belt：generated in area where seabed is above normal wave base, while water depth is more than 2 times of wave height, and seabed sediments are slightly disturbed; （3） break wave belt： generated in area where water depth is between 1-2 times of wave height, and seabed sediments are continuously disturbed; （4） surge-surf wave belt：water depth is less than wave height, showing broken waves, and seabed sediments are severely disturbed. Sediment characteristics are controlled by wave belts, based on which this shoal is divided into three subfacies. （1） Intermittent high energy beaches distinguished by plaster grain limestone are poor reservoirs which display as low DT （a coustic log）, high RD （resistivity log） and high GR （gamma log） ; （2） rising-break wave beaches distinguished by sparry Foraminifer-Fusulinida limestone are good reservoirs which display as high DT, low RD and low GR; （3） surge-surf wave beach distinguished by sparry oolitic limestone are poor reservoirs which display as low DT, high RD and low GR. From sea to land, significant differ ences exist in cementation rate and intensity with water depth decreasing, water circulation slowing down and salinity increasing, thus developing quite different original and secondary pores in the sediments with various subfacies. Therefore, sedimentary facies is the main reason for diversity of reservoir property in carbonate beach.

关 键 词：扎纳诺尔 石炭系 浅滩 沉积模式 储集物性 

分 类 号：TE122.14[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]