施加生物竹炭对有机种植卷心菜土壤呼吸的影响  

Effects of Different Application Rates of Bamboo Biochar on Soil Respiration of Organic Cabbage

作　　者：吴孟霖 江洪[1,2,3] 吴丹娜[1] 黄鹤凤 马锦丽[1] 舒海燕[2] 孙文文[1] 方成圆[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学浙江省森林生态系统碳循环与固碳减排重点实验室,浙江临安311300 [2]西南大学三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆400715 [3]上海市多利农业发展有限公司,上海201311

出　　处：《安徽师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第4期377-381,388,共6页Journal of Anhui Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：上海市战略性新兴产业重大项目(重大2013-14号);2012年上海市科技兴农推广项目(沪农科推字2012第1-4号,2013第5-8号);2013年上海市科委生态崇明重点支撑项目(13231204400);上海市科委2013年度“创新行动计划”上海工程技术研究中心建设项目(13DZ2250900)

摘　　要：为明确生物竹炭输入对有机种植卷心菜土壤碳排放的影响,为生物竹炭在蔬菜生产中的有效利用提供依据,采用田间试验研究生物竹炭施用对有机种植卷心菜土壤呼吸的影响.试验设置CK,C1和C2处理,其生物竹炭施用量分别为0kg·hm^(-2);1500kg·hm^(-2);4500 kg·hm^(-2),采用LICor8100开路式土壤碳通量测定系统对不同生物竹炭施用水平处理与卷心菜生长不同时期的土壤呼吸速率进行观测.结果表明,有机种植卷心菜土壤呼吸速率在莲座期与结球期变化规律呈现单峰曲线特征,最高值出现在午后14:00-16:00,最低值出现在5:00-7:00,土壤呼吸速率与土壤5-10cm温度呈极显著的指数相关关系,土壤5-10cm温度能够解释各处理土壤呼吸日动态变化的71.63%-88.52%.施加生物竹炭降低了土壤呼吸速率,莲座期C1处理下的日平均土壤呼吸均值比对照组减少了31.29%,差异性显著(p<0.05).结球期C1处理下的日平均土壤呼吸值比对照组减少了34.20%且差异性显著(p<0.05).但生物竹炭在加大施加量以后土壤呼吸速率不再下降反而上升,莲座期C2处理下的呼吸速率均值相比对照差异性不显著,但相比C1处理水平下的日均呼吸值提高了46.44%,差异达显著水平(p<0.05).Effects of bamboo charcoal at different application rates on soil respiration of organic cabbage were investigated for providing a scientific basis for the effective utilization of biochar on vegetable production. A field experiment was carried out in an organic farm with CK、C1 and C2 three additions which are 0 kg·hm^(-2),1500kg·hm^(-2),4500kg·hm^(-2) of bamboo charcoal. Measurement of soil respiration was made using a LI-8100 soil CO_2 efflux system. The results showed the daily variation of soil respiration in July and August both represent a single peak curve,which the maximum appeared in 14:00-16:00 and the minimum appeared in 5:00-7:00.Soil respiration had a significant exponential correlation with soil 5-10 cm temperature(P<0.01),and the soil temperature of 5-10 cm depth can explain 71.63%-88.52% variation of the daily soil respiration rate. Addition of bamboo charcoal was recommended to decrease soil respiration rate,especially at addition of 1500 kg ·hm-2 it was decreased 31. 29% in July and 34.20% in August respectively. However,soil respiration rate did not decrease with growing amount of bamboo charcoal,there was no significant difference among treatments between addition of4500kg·hm^(-2) and CK.

关 键 词：生物竹炭 土壤呼吸 土壤温度 有机种植 卷心菜 

分 类 号：S714[农业科学—林学]