地铁区间列车火灾烟气特性及控制策略的数值模拟  

Numerical simulation of the smoke propagation mechanism and fire control methods for subway tunnel

作　　者：侯昱晟 李炎锋[1] 王奕然 刘垚 杜宁 

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学建筑工程学院,北京100124 [2]北京城建设计发展集团股份有限公司,北京100037 [3]北京环安工程检测有限责任公司,北京100011

出　　处：《中国科技论文》2016年第7期772-775,780,共5页China Sciencepaper

基　　金：高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助项目(20121103110024)

摘　　要：为了探究火灾发生后风机启动时间对地铁区间烟气控制的影响,现以内径为5.5m圆形盾构地铁区间隧道为研究对象,采用数值模拟方法研究不同火源功率(5、7.5、10 MW)下隧道内烟气的温度分布,分析了4种火灾工况下隧道顶部最高温度值以及出现位置,研究了风机延迟启动时间对隧道内烟气温度分布的影响。结果表明,隧道顶部最高温度随火源功率增大而增高;纵向通风风速会造成隧道顶部最高烟气温度区域向通风方向偏移,但随着火源功率增加,排烟风速的影响会逐渐减弱;延迟启动风机会破坏烟气层的稳定性,导致烟气沉降到列车的车厢位置,从而会影响乘客安全疏散。To investigate the effect of smoke exhaust fan operation time in smoke control ,numerical simulation was used to inves‐tigate fire scenarios in a circular shield subway tunnel with inner diameter of 5 .5 m .Temperature fields and the position of maxi‐mum temperature in the subway tunnel were calculated for fire with heat release rate of 5 ,7 .5 and 10 MW ,respectively .In addi‐tion ,the effect of delay on start time of exhaust fan on smoke propagation is also evaluated .Results showed that the maximum smoke temperature under ceiling was larger with the increase in heat release rate of fire .The critical wind velocity has a weaker influence on the maximum temperature field with the increase of fire load .Starting delay of exhaust fan would damage the stabili‐ty of smoke layer .Smoke layer would descend to the train carriage and the temperature of air near train would increase .This effect was harmful to passenger safety evacuation .

关 键 词：地铁 隧道 火灾 温度 烟气 

分 类 号：U231.96[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]