Pickering乳液聚合法制备聚丙烯酸酯/SiO_2纳米复合材料  

Preparation of Polyacrylate/SiO_2 Nano Composite Materials by Pickering Emulsion Polymerization

作　　者：蒋文远 周宏伟[1] 王丽[1] 廖健洪 黄畴[1] 易英[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学化学化工与生命科学学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《材料保护》2016年第7期44-48,7,共5页Materials Protection

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金(2014CFB832)资助

摘　　要：为了避免传统乳化剂在丙烯酸酯乳胶膜中残留导致产品光泽性和耐水性变差以及对环境污染的弊端,利用六甲基二硅胺烷(HMDS)对亲水性纳米SiO_2进行改性,使其亲水亲油性相当,从而代替聚丙烯酸酯合成过程中所使用的传统乳化剂,通过Pickering乳液聚合法制备了聚丙烯酸酯/Nano-SiO_2杂化的高分子纳米复合材料。采用傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR),粒径和Zeta电位测试,力学性能、吸水性测试,TEM、XRD以及热重分析对复合乳液及乳胶膜的结构与性能进行了表征。结果表明:疏水改性后的纳米SiO_2能够取代传统乳化剂稳定乳液,且随着SiO_2含量从0增加至2.0%,乳化能力不断增强,复合乳液平均粒径由526.5 nm降低至352.7 nm;复合材料的起始分解温度从331.7℃增加到343.6℃,拉伸强度从8.39 MPa增加至21.68 MPa,断裂伸长率从103.12%降低至50.54%,吸水率从16.884%下降至9.017%;复合材料的热稳定性、力学性能和耐水性等综合性能得到一定提高。In order to avoid the disadvantages of low gloss,poor water resistance and the pollution to the environment caused by the residue of the traditional emulsifier in the acrylic latex film,the hydrophilic nano SiO_2 was modified to the hydrophilic and lipophilic equivalent by hexainethyldisilazane,which was used to replace the conventional emulsifier used in the synthesis of polyacrylate.Then,a series of polymer nano composites with different SiO_2 content were prepared by Pickering emulsion polymerization.The structure and properties of the composite emulsions and latex films were characterized by particle size and Zeta potential tester,mechanical properties tester and water absorption tester,FTIR,XRD,TEM and thermogravimf'tric analysis.Results showed that nano SiO_2 after hydrophobic modification could replace the conventional emulsifiers to stabilize the emulsion.When the SiO_2 content in the emulsion was increased from 0 to 2.0%,the emulsifying capability was increased gradually and the average parlicle size of the composite emulsion was decreased from 526.5 nm to 352.7 run.Moreover,the initial decomposition temperature of the composite materials was increased from 331.7℃ to 343.6℃.Furthermore,the tensile strength was increased from 8.39 MPa to 21.68 MPa,and the elongation at break was reduced from 103.12%lo50.54%,as well as the water absorption was decreased from16.884%to 9.017%.In summary,the overall performance of the composites such as thermal stability,mechanical properties and water resistance,was improved in a certain degree.

关 键 词：SiO2改性 聚丙烯酸酯 Pickering乳液聚合 纳米复合材料 性能 

分 类 号：TQ316.334[化学工程—高聚物工业] TB332[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]