同沉积期钙富集过程解析与形成机制研究  

Mechanism and Process Analysis of Calcareous Precipitation in the Syndepositional Stage

作　　者：单敬福[1] 张倩[2] 彭妙[2] 郭兵 高怀玺 

机构地区：[1]长江大学"油气资源与勘探技术"教育部重点实验室,湖北武汉430100 [2]中国石油新疆油田公司,新疆克拉玛依834000 [3]中国石油长庆油田分公司第一采油厂,陕西西安716000 [4]中国石油辽河油田兴隆台采油厂,辽宁盘锦124010

出　　处：《西南石油大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第4期63-70,共8页Journal of Southwest Petroleum University(Science & Technology Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41372125);湖北省教育厅基金(Q20121210);中国地质大学(武汉)"构造与油气资源"教育部重点实验室开放基金(TPR-2012-23)

摘　　要：浅表长石砂岩中钙积层的存在是影响储层物性的重要因素之一,在古沉积地表环境中,钙的富集一般以成片、板状等形式产出。针对上述问题,通过物理化学分析手段,指出Ca^(2+)的来源、Ca^(2+)富集条件、钙积层形成机理及其主控因素。研究结果表明,Ca^(2+)从硅铝酸盐矿物颗粒中分离出来,与大气酸性水的存在密不可分,湖平面的持续下降,气候干旱,蒸发量大于降水量,河道频繁迁移摆动,河湖过渡处水流不畅等因素,有利于重碳酸钙分解形成碳酸钙沉淀,使钙积层成片、成板状大范围分布,因此,弄清钙积层形成的主控因素及形成机理,对油田后期的高效开发无疑具有重要意义。The caliche in the superficial arcose in paleodepositional environments is one of the important factors affecting reservoir physical property. In paleodepositional surface environments, the concentration of calcium is generally in the form of plates and flakes. The paper points out the origin of the Ca2＋, the conditions of the concentration of the Ca2＋ and the mechanism and dominant factors of the caliche formation through physical-chemical study. The results show that the Ca2＋ is dissociated from silicon aluminate particles, which is closely connected with the existence of the atmospheric acidic water. When the climate is dry, with the evaporation larger than precipitation, the lake surface keeps decreasing, the river diverts or the transition flow blocked, etc., which are all beneficial for the decomposition of the heavy calcium carbonate, thus making the plate-like and flaky Caliches widely scattered. Therefore, we hold that a clear understanding of the mechanism and dominant factors of calcium concentration is of significance in the efficient exploitation in the late period of production.

关 键 词：钙积层 地下水 大气酸性水 古沉积环境 成因 

分 类 号：TE132[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探] P624[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]