油田野外作业工人职业紧张、神经递质水平与睡眠质量的关系  

Association of Occupational Stress and Neurotransmitters with Sleep Quality Among Petroleum Field Workers

作　　者：姜雨[1] 赵云娟[1] 崔长勇[1] 连玉龙[2] 王彦茹[1] 刘继文[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830054 [2]南通大学公共卫生学院,江苏南通226019

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2016年第7期638-643,共6页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:81260424);新疆研究生科研创新项目(编号:XJGRI2015068)

摘　　要：[目的]探讨油田野外作业工人职业紧张、神经递质水平与睡眠质量的关系。[方法]采用整群抽样的方法,抽取油田野外作业工人共810名为研究对象,采用职业紧张量表（OSI-R）和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）量表进行职业紧张以及睡眠质量的调查。随机抽取其中178人,测定五羟色胺（5-HT）、去甲肾上腺素（NE）、神经肽Y（NPY）和P物质。[结果]共收集有效问卷700份,不同性别、锻炼状况的油田野外作业工人在职业紧张得分上差异具有统计学意义（均P〈0.05）。700名油田野外作业工人PSQI的评分结果显示,251名（35.86%）有睡眠质量问题。不同年龄、性别和锻炼状况者睡眠质量问题的分布情况不同（均P〈0.05）。不同性别、饮酒状况和锻炼状况者在部分神经递质水平上差异具有统计学意义（均P〈0.05）。偏相关分析发现,油田野外作业工人职业任务、个体紧张反应、5-HT、NE和P物质与部分睡眠质量因子呈正相关关系（均P〈0.05）,而个体应对资源与睡眠效率呈负相关关系（P〈0.05）。logistic回归分析发现,年龄（OR=2.226,95%CI：1.004-4.936）、个体紧张反应（OR=1.062,95%CI：1.023-1.103）、职业任务（OR=1.040,95%CI：1.012-1.069）、P物质（OR=1.024,95%CI：1.008-1.040）和5-HT（OR=1.011,95%CI：1.001-1.020）是睡眠质量的危险因素,锻炼是保护因素（OR=0.079,95%CI：0.022-0.282）。[结论]油田野外作业工人存在一定程度的睡眠质量问题,职业紧张与睡眠质量有关,并且受到相关神经递质的影响。因此,改善职业紧张可以提高油田野外作业工人的睡眠质量。[ Objective ] To assess the association of occupational stress and neurotransmitters with sleep quality in petroleum field workers. [ Methods ] A total of 810 petroleum field workers were selected by cluster random sampling. Occupational stress and sleep quality were measured by Occupational Stress Inventory Revised Edition （OSI-R） and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI） scale. Then, 178 petroleum field workers were recruited randomly to measure the levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine （5-HT）, norepinephfine （NE）, neuropeptide Y （NPY）, and substance P （SP）. [ Results ] There were 700 valid questionnaires. The differences in occupational stress scores were statistically significant among petroleum field workers grouped by sex and exercise （both Ps 〈 0.05）. Of the 700 workers, 251 （35.86%） had poor sleep quality graded by the PSQI. The distribution of sleep quality problems were varied among petroleum field workers with different age, sex, and exercise （all Ps 〈 0.05）. The neurotransmitter levels were also varied among petroleum field workers grouped by sex, alcohol consumption, and exercise （all Ps 〈 0.05）. According to partial correlation analysis, some sleep quality factors correlated positively with occupational role, personal stress response, 5-HT, NE, and SP （all Ps 〈 0.05）. However, sleep efficiency correlated inversely with personal resource （P 〈 0.05）. The results of logistic regression analysis showed that age （0R=2.226, 95%CI： 1.004-4.936）, personal stress response （OR=1.062, 95%CI： 1.023-1.103）, occupational role （OR=l.040, 95%CI： 1.012-1.069）, SP （OR=1.024, 95%CI： 1.008-1.040）, and 5-HT （OR=I.011, 95%CI： 1.001-1.020） were risk factors of sleep quality, and exercise （OR=0.079, 95%CI： 0.022-0.282） was a protective factor. [ Conclusion ] Sleep quality of petroleum field workers are not good. There is a correlation among occupational stress, neurotransmitters, and sleep quality. Improving occupational stress management

关 键 词：油田野外作业工人 职业紧张 睡眠质量 神经递质 匹兹堡睡眠质量指数 

分 类 号：R135.99[医药卫生—劳动卫生]