宁夏城乡收入差距时空分异及影响因素  

Spatial-temporal differentiation and factors of urban-rural income gap in Ningxia

作　　者：李俊杰[1] 米文宝[1,2] 宋永永[1] 周瑞瑞[1] 杨瑞[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学资源环境学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]宁夏大学西北退化生态系统恢复与重建教育部重点实验室,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《农业现代化研究》2016年第4期785-793,共9页Research of Agricultural Modernization

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41161020);宁夏大学研究生创新项目(GIP201614)~~

摘　　要：城乡收入差距已成为中国经济社会可持续发展的一大隐患,如何缩小城乡收入差距,实现社会公正成为中国经济社会发展的核心问题,也是学术界研究的热点问题。以宁夏19个县区为研究对象,采用泰尔指数及其分解、EDSA-GIS、数理统计的分析方法研究1990-2013年宁夏城乡收入差距的时空格局及其影响因素。结果表明:(1)宁夏城乡总体收入差距和城乡之间收入差距呈现波动扩大趋势,而城镇内部和农村内部收入差距呈波动缩小趋势。(2)宁夏城乡收入差距空间分异显著,城镇收入和农村收入呈现"北高南低"的空间格局,城乡收入比呈现"南高北低"的空间格局。(3)1990年以来,城乡收入差距的热点区始终位于宁夏中南部地区,而冷点区长期位于北部引黄灌区,且具有明显的空间集聚和空间二元结构特征。(4)工业化水平和人均GDP的提高会扩大城乡收入差距,市民化水平和财政支农力度的提高会缩小城乡收入差距。在此基础上,提出统筹城乡发展、增加对中南部地区经济发展的支持、推进社会主义新农村和美丽乡村建设、增加财政支农力度,缩小城乡收入差距,促进区域协调发展的对策建议。The urban-rural income gap has become a major risk of China’s economic and social sustainable development. How to narrow the income gap and achieve social justice becomes the core issue of China’s development, as well as academic research hot spot. Applying the Theil index and its decomposition, EDSA-GIS, mathematical statistical, this study analyzed the characteristics of the time evolution, spatial differentiation pattern and inlfuencing factors of income gaps of 19 counties in Ningxia from 1990 to 2013. Results show that： 1） the overall income gap of Ningxia and urban-rural income gap was increasing with fluctuations, but the urban and rural income gap was decreasing with lfuctuations. The overall income gap was mainly caused by the urban-rural income gap;2） Ningxia urban-rural income gap showed significant spatial difference with “high in the North and low in the South”, while urban-rural income ratio showed“low in the North and high in the South”;3） the hot spots located in the South and cold spot in the North since 1990, presenting of spatial cluster and signiifcant space dual structure;4） the improvement of industrialization level and per capita GDP will widen the urban-rural income gap, while the improvement of citizenization and ifnancial support for agriculture will narrow the urban-rural income gap. This paper also suggests to increase the support for the economic development of the Central and Southern regions, to establish the new socialism countryside and beautiful villages, to increase ifnance support for agriculture to narrow the urban-rural income gap and promote coordinated development.

关 键 词：城乡收入差距 时空分异 影响因素 泰尔指数 宁夏 

分 类 号：F323.8[经济管理—产业经济]