上海市黄浦区新生儿重组酵母乙型肝炎疫苗免疫后16年的免疫效果研究  

Evaluation on immunization efficacy of yeast-derived recombinant hepatitis B vaccine in newborns in 16 years after vaccination in Huangpu District of Shanghai

作　　者：牟文[1] 周建军[1] 宿飞[1] 吴维寿[1] 汪萱怡[2] 姜铭波[1] 张国华[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市黄浦区疾病预防控制中心免疫规划科,上海200023 [2]复旦大学生物医学研究院,上海200032

出　　处：《职业与健康》2016年第11期1513-1516,共4页Occupation and Health

基　　金：上海市黄浦区卫计系统重点公共卫生项目(2012-ZD01)

摘　　要：目的研究新生儿重组酵母乙型肝炎（乙肝）疫苗接种的长期免疫效果和加强免疫的必要性。方法对黄浦区1997年出生的并全程接种重组酵母乙肝疫苗的对象隔年随访,采血测得乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg）、乙肝表面抗体（抗-HBs）、乙肝核心抗体（抗-HBc）,与本底对照（1984—1985年原上海南市区乙肝病毒横断面调查）相比计算保护率,并补充急性乙肝发病调查。结果 HBsAg阳性率、抗-HBs阳性率、抗-HBc阳性率逐年下降,分别由基础免疫后1年时的2.62%、93.72%、3.66%降至16年后的1.12%、17.88%、1.12%。免疫组的HBsAg阳性率较本底组均明显下降,平均阳性率1.22%与免疫前本底组的1-20岁HBs Ag阳性率9.52%相比,疫苗保护率为87.18%（χ2=68.083,P〈0.01）。结论新生儿使用重组酵母乙肝疫苗免疫有较好的持久性和保护效果,免疫后16年无需加强免疫。[Objective]To evaluate the long-term efficacy of domestic yeast-derived recombinant hepatitis B vaccine（YDV） in newborns,analyze the necessity of booster dose.[Methods]The newborns born in 1997 and completely immunized with YDV in Huangpu District were followed up every two years,to collect the blood samples to test HBs Ag,anti-HBs and anti-HBc. The results were compared with the background results from a cross-sectional survey of hepatitis B virus from 1984-1985 to calculate protecting rate,and the added acute hepatitis B epidemic survey was performed as complement. [Results] The positive rates of HBs Ag,anti-HBs and anti-HBc decreased year by year,and the positive rate decreased from 2.62%,93.72% and 3.66% in the first year after immunization to 1.12%,17.88% and 1.12% at the 16 th year after immunization,respectively. The positive rates of HBs Ag in the immunization group dropped obviously and the average was 1.22%,and it was compared with the positive rate of9.52% in the base group aged 1-20 years old before immunization,the protective rate of vaccine was 87.18%（χ2=68.083,P〈0.01）.[Conclusion]Yeast-derived recombinant hepatitis B vaccine has good persistence and protective effect for neonates,while the booster dose after 16 years of primary immunization is not necessary.

关 键 词：重组酵母乙肝疫苗 长期免疫效果 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]