公平视角下的中日两国碳排放责任研究  

Responsibility Analysis on Carbon Emissions Embodied in China-Japan Trade from Perspective of Equity

作　　者：陈楠[1] 刘学敏[1] 长谷部勇一 

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学资源学院 [2]横滨国立大学国际社会科学府

出　　处：《国际贸易问题》2016年第7期84-96,共13页Journal of International Trade

基　　金：国家"十二五"国家科技支撑计划"城镇碳排放清单编制方法与决策支持系统研究;开发与示范"(2011BAJ07B07)"城镇碳排放技术清单编制和综合评价指标体系建设"(2011BAJ07B07-2)

摘　　要：文章核算了1995-2011年中日两国"生产者"原则、"消费者"原则、"共同分担"原则下的碳排放总量及行业碳排放量,并运用基尼系数的"相对剥夺"对三种原则下的公平性进行分析,得出"共同分担"原则的碳排放公平性最高。在此基础上构建了"共同分担"原则的细分模型,比较了生产碳、国内消费碳及国外消费碳的动态变化。研究结果表明:三种原则分担的碳排放量,中国均高于日本。"消费者"原则下的日本对中国的相对剥夺系数最小,碳排放责任最大;"生产者"原则下的中国对日本的相对剥夺系数最小,碳排放责任最大。"共同分担"原则下,中国排放的CO2是日本的3.29倍。其中,两国中间投入及满足国内需求的生产碳大于国内消费碳大于对方国分担的碳;中国的生产碳及消费碳大于日本的生产碳及消费碳;中国为日本分担的碳小于日本为中国分担的碳。把责任分配到行业,对方分担本国的碳排放责任主要集中在机械制造业、主要金属及压延业,化工、塑料、橡胶业,交通设备制造业,电气、光学设备业,其他非金属矿物制造业。This paper measured total and industrial embodied carbon emission in China-Japan trade based on producer principle, consumer principle and shared responsibility principle from 1995-2011, and analyzed the equity of 3 kinds of responsibilities using Gini coefficient under the principle of relative deprivation. It got the shared responsibility principle has the highest fairness. Using Input-Output method, it constructed a subdivided shared responsibility model and compared the dynamic changes of production carbon, domestic carbon consumption and abroad carbon consumption. The results show that Chinese carbon emissions are higher than Japanese in 3 kinds of principles. After the adjustment of the trade, the relative deprivation coefficient of the two countries can embody the equity of the carbon emission responsibility. The relative deprivation coefficient of Japan to China under the consumption principle is the smallest, Japanese responsibility of carbon emission is highest. The relative deprivation coefficient of China to Japan under the production principle is the smallest, Chinese responsibility of carbon emission is highest. Chinese carbon emission is 3.39 times more than Japanese under the shared responsibility. The production carbon emissions of intermediate inputs and meet domestic demand are higher than the domestic consumption carbon emission and the bearing opposite carbon emission （meeting opposite demand production and opposite consumption）. Chinese production and consumption carbon emissions are higher than Japanese production and consumption carbon emission; the bearing carbon emission China for Japan is low er than the bearing carbon emission Japan for China. When the responsibilities of reduction carbon are assigned to industries, the other party liable for carbon emissions are mainly concentrated in machinery industries, basic metals and fabricated metal products industries, chemical industries, plastics and rubber industries, transport equipment industries, elec- trical and optical equipment in

关 键 词：中日贸易 三种原则 碳排放 相对剥夺 细化的共同分担 

分 类 号：F810.422[经济管理—财政学]