公共卫生专业技术人员职业紧张对其工作能力的影响  

Effects of occupational stress on work ability among public health workers

作　　者：汤小辉[1] 李朝林[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋石油总公司质量健康安全环保部,北京100010 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所,北京100050

出　　处：《职业与健康》2016年第12期1613-1616,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的探讨公共卫生专业技术人员工作能力随职业紧张水平变化的规律。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法对全国6个省级的及地市级的疾病预防控制机构和3个省级的及地市级的职业病防治机构中的2 821名公共卫生专业技术人员进行职业紧张和工作能力评价,分析不同职业紧张水平对其工作能力的影响。结果职业紧张水平低者工作能力指数(WAI)及其各项目得分明显高于职业紧张水平高者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);Pearson相关分析和多元回归分析结果均显示,当职业紧张处于低水平和高水平时,WAI与职业紧张水平均呈负相关(P<0.01),项目W1、W2、W3、W4、W6、W7均呈现类似的规律,项目W5与职业紧张水平之间的负相关无统计学意义(P>0.05);Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel检验显示,工作能力随职业紧张程度的增加呈下降趋势(统计量=87.719 9,P<0.01)。结论职业紧张水平低的公共卫生专业技术人员工作能力明显高于职业紧张水平高的人员。此外,无论职业紧张处于低水平还是高水平,职业紧张与工作能力之间均存在负相关,随着职业紧张程度的增加,工作能力下降。除W5(过去1年中因病伤缺勤天数)之外,WAI各项目均可用来评估工作能力水平。[Objective]To explore the change patterns of work ability with the occupational stress among public health workers in China. [Methods]The occupational stress and work ability were evaluated in 2821 public health workers who were collected from6 provincial and municipal disease prevention and control institutions and 3 provincial and municipal occupational disease control institutes by the stratified cluster sampling. The effects of occupational stress on work ability were analyzed.[Results]The public health workers with low level of occupational stress had higher work ability index（WAI）scores and its sub-components scores than those with high level of occupational stress,the difference was significant（P〈0.01）. Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis showed that the WAI score had a negative correlation with occupational stress for public health worker with either low or high level of occupational stress（P〈0.01）,the scores of W1,W2,W3,W4,W6 and W7 respectively had the same pattern,the correlation between the W5 scores and occupational stress was not significant（P〉0.05）. Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test showed that work ability had negative trend with the escalation of occupational stress（Statistic =87.7199,P 〈0.01）.[Conclusion]The public health workers with low level of occupational stress have higher work ability than those with high level of occupational stress.Moreover,the correlation between occupational stress and work ability is negative for public health workers with either low or high level of occupational stress,the work ability decreases with the escalation of occupational stress.Except sub-component W5（absent days due to illness in the past year）,WAI and its sub-component can be used for work ability assessment.

关 键 词：公共卫生专业技术人员 职业紧张 工作能力 

分 类 号：R13[医药卫生—劳动卫生]