影响天津地区两次北上热带气旋过程对比分析  

Comparative analysis of two northward motion tropical cyclones affecting Tianjin

作　　者：史得道[1] 易笑园[1] 孙密娜[1] 王亚男[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津市气象台,天津300074

出　　处：《气象与环境学报》2016年第3期19-27,共9页Journal of Meteorology and Environment

基　　金：公益性行业(气象)科研专项"恶劣天气对渤海海事安全的影响及对策研究"(GYHY201006034);中国气象局预报员专项"登陆北上台风不对称结构特征及成因分析"(CMAYBY2013-005);天津市气象局课题"集合预报在北上台风路径预报中的应用"(201510)共同资助

摘　　要：利用FY-2E卫星TBB资料、日本GMS卫星TBB资料及NCEP的1°×1°再分析资料对两次登陆后北上影响天津地区的热带气旋(0421号"海马"和1210号"达维")进行对比分析。结果表明:影响天津地区的两个热带气旋北上之后造成的降水呈不对称分布,分别发生在热带气旋"海马"中心北到西北侧(移动路径前方)和热带气旋"达维"中心东北侧,与动力条件(上升运动)和热力条件(暖平流)的不对称分布有关。两个热带气旋在北上过程中不同程度与西风槽产生相互作用,区别在于热带气旋"海马"遇到的高空槽比较深厚,与槽前偏南急流产生耦合作用,同时高空有高位涡下传至对流层低层,诱使地面气旋发展;而热带气旋"达维"遇到的高空槽比较弱,仅靠近高空槽底部,耦合作用不明显,高空也没有明显的正位涡下传至低层,不利于地面气旋的维持发展,导致热带气旋"海马"在登陆后减弱情况下又发展加强,而热带气旋"达维"则一直减弱直到消散在渤海海面。Two northward motion tropical cyclones affecting Tianjin,called Haima（ 0421） and Damrey（ 1210）,were analyzed using FY-2E TBB（ Temperature of Black Body）,GMS（ Geostationary Meteorological Satellite）TBB and NCEP（ National Centers for Environmental Prediction） 1° × 1° reanalysis data. The results show that the rainfall triggered by the two tropical cyclones exhibits asymmetric distributions and occurs in the northern and northwestern sides of Haima and northeastern side of Damrey, in connection with the asymmetric distributions of dynamic and thermodynamic conditions. The two tropical cyclones interact with westerly trough to some extents when moving northward. The difference is that Haima interacts with a deep trough and couples with southward jet stream in front of the trough. A higher potential vorticity on the upper troposphere transports downward to lower troposphere to facilitate the development of a surface cyclone. Whereas Damrey strikes a weak trough,o nly appearing near the bottom of the trough,and the coupling effect is not significant. There is no a clear positive potential vorticity transporting downward to lower levels of the troposphere, so it is not favorable for the development of a surface cyclone. Therefore Haima weakens first and then intensifies again after landing,but Damrey weakens continuously till disappears in the Bohai Sea.

关 键 词：北上热带气旋 不对称分布 高空槽 位涡 

分 类 号：P458.124[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]