4种植物直根抗折力和抗折强度的研究  

Study on the Anti-Fracture Mechanical Properties of Four Kinds of Straight Roots

作　　者：张欣[1] 刘静[2] 郑永刚[2] 尹瑞平[1] 吴永胜[1] 郭建英[1] 

机构地区：[1]水利部牧区水利科学研究所,呼和浩特010020 [2]内蒙古农业大学生态环境学院,呼和浩特010019

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2016年第5期338-342,共5页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"根系固土抗蚀受损后自我修复的力学特性"(51364034);内蒙古自治区水利科研专项"神东煤矿采煤塌陷区水土保持植被配置应用研究"

摘　　要：以柠条(Caragana microphylla)、沙棘(Hippophae rhamnoides)、沙柳(Salix psammophila)和白沙蒿(Artemisia sphaerocep)的直根为研究对象,采用TY-8000伺服式强力机进行两端固定式折断试验,研究了土体内的根系受到径向折断力作用时,不同径级直根的抗折力和抗折强度。结果表明:在1~6mm径级范围内,4种植物直根抗折力随根径的增加均呈幂函数增长趋势,抗折强度随根径的增加呈幂函数减小趋势;在a=0.05的显著水平下,4种植物直根平均抗折力、抗折强度种间差异性均显著。随着径级的增加,柠条、沙柳、沙棘和白沙蒿4种植物直根平均抗折力范围分别为(79±5.8)^(1 119±104.46),(32±6.12)^(410±36.1),(12±1.5)^(141±6.2),(8±1.2)^(100±2.56)N,直根平均抗折强度范围分别为(62±9.68)^(43±4.01),(25±3.82)^(15±1.42),(8±1.01)^(6±1.29),(6±0.61)^(4±0.14)MPa。1~6mm径级范围内,4种植物种内径级间平均最大折断变形量差异性不大,平均最大折断变形量排序为柠条(16.77mm)>沙柳(14.7mm)>沙棘(11.22mm)>白沙蒿(8.68mm)。Fixed-ends broken experiments were set up by the TY-8000servo-type powerful machine in this study,the straight roots of Caragana microphylla,Hippophae rhamnoides,Salix psammophila and Artemisia sphaerocep were used as test material to find the difference about anti-fracture forces,the anti-fracture strength between straight roots of diameter grade while the roots in the soil body was affected by the radial fracture force perpendicular to the axis of the root.The result showed that within the scope of the 1～6mm diameter,anti-fracture forces of straight root had a power growing pattern with the increase of root diameter,but anti-fracture strength reversed;there were significant differences on the average anti-fracture forces,anti-fracture strength of taproot of four kinds plant species under significant level a=0.05.With the diameter increase,the range of the average anti-fracture forces of four kinds of plants taproot of Caragana microphylla,Salix psammophila,Hippophae rhamnoides and Artemisia sphaerocep were（79±5.8）～（1 119±104.46）,（32±6.12）～（410±36.1）,（12±1.5）～（141±6.2）,（8±1.2）～（100±2.56）Newton,while the ranges of the average anti-fracture strength of four kinds of plants taproot of Caragana microphylla,Salix psammophila,Hippophae rhamnoides and Artemisia sphaerocep were（62±9.68）～（43±4.01）,（25±3.82）～（15±1.42）,（8±1.01）～（6±1.29）,（6±0.61）～（4±0.14）MPa,respectively.Within the scope of the 1～6mm diameter,the average of maximum broken deformation was no difference between 4plants,the order of the average of maximum broken deformation was Caragana microphylla（16.77 mm）Salix psammophila（14.7mm）Hippophae rhamnoides（11.22mm）Artemisia sphaerocep（8.68mm）.

关 键 词：直根 抗折特性 径级 

分 类 号：Q947.6[生物学—植物学]