农村饮水水源及其周边环境对饮水中部分无机化学污染物的影响  

Effect of Types of Water Source and Their Surrounding Environment in Rural Watersupplies on Some Inorganic Chemical Contaminants in Drinking-water

作　　者：叶必雄[1,2] 张岚 李永华[2] 李海蓉[2] 应波[1] 张振伟[1] 陈永艳[1] 高圣华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心环境与健康相关产品安全所 [2]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所陆地表层格局与模拟院重点实验室

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2016年第3期169-174,181,共7页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41171085);国家十二五科技支撑计划课题(2013BAC04B01;2013BAC04B03)

摘　　要：目的探讨农村水厂水源及周边环境与饮水中部分化学污染物的关系,分析影响这些化学污染物的主要水源类型及环境,提出农村饮水中防止化学污染的措施。方法采取配对t检验、单因子方差分析等数理统计方法对水源类型、周边环境和部分化学污染物进行相关分析。结果井水中总硬度、硝酸盐及氟化物含量显著大于山泉水及地表水;机井中锰、氨氮、氟化物含量显著高于其他类型水井;井口封闭、井口高于地面、有井房、水井深度越大则铁或锰、氨氮、氟化物污染越重,而对硝酸盐污染影响越小;污染源种类的不同对各种化学物质的影响差异也较大。结论水源类型及环境对饮水中一些化学物质污染具有显著性影响,针对农村地区不同的水源及环境,实施不同的、因地制宜的防护措施,有助于减少饮水中化学污染物的含量,保障农村饮水安全。Objectives To explore the relationship between the water source their surroundings with some inorganic chemical contaminants in drinking - water, water source types and their surroundings on chemical contaminants in drinking - for the prevention of drinking - water being contaminated in rural areas. Methods type of rural watersupplies and to analyze the impact of major water, and to propose measures The relationship of water source types and surrounding environment with some chemical contaminants in drinking water was analyzed by mathemati- cal statistics, including pare-samples t test and one-way analysis of variance. Results Total hardness and the con- taminations of nitrate and fluoride were more serious in well water than that in surface water and spring water. The contaminations of manganese, ammonia - nitrogen and fluoride in motor-pumped well water were higher than those in other types of well water. The contaminations of iron or manganese, ammonia - nitrogen and fluoride in water from closed well, mouth of well above the ground, well with a house and deep well were more serious, but the con- tamination of nitrate was less. The type of contamination was various from different water sources. Conclusions There was a significant influence of water source types and their surrounding environment on chemical contaminants in drinking water in rural areas; the implementation of protecting measures must be based on different local conditions, focusing on the difference of water source types and their surrounding environment, to prevent contamination in drinking water and protect the safety of drinking water and human health.

关 键 词：农村 饮用水 水井 周边环境 无机化学物质污染 

分 类 号：R123.9[医药卫生—环境卫生学]