东北某地水源水及生活饮用水微生物指标调查  

Investigation on Microbiological Indexes in Source Water and Drinking Water of Somewhere in China Northeast

作　　者：李晓路[1,2] 孙宗科[1] 陈西平 李霞[1] 武立平[1] 郑萍[1] 丁珵[1] 毛怡心 张巍[2] 宝春辉[2] 遇婷[2] 卜晓红 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心环境与健康相关产品安全所 [2]鞍山市疾病预防控制中心 [3]岫岩县疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2016年第3期186-189,194,共5页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

基　　金：国家卫生和计划生育委员会公益性行业科研专项(201302004)

摘　　要：目的调查东北某地水源水及生活饮用水微生物指标状况，为提高饮水微生物指标合格率提供基础数据。方法于2015年夏、秋两季，分别对东北某地的水源水和生活饮用水进行采集，共计92份，依照《生活饮用水标准检验方法微生物指标》（GB／T5750．12—2006）、《饮用天然矿泉水检验方法》（GB／T8538—2008）和《食品安全国家标准食品微生物学检测》（GB4789—2013）对样品进行微生物指标检测，检测项目包括菌落总数、总大肠菌群、大肠埃希菌3项卫生微生物学指标和大肠埃希菌0157：H7、沙门菌、志贺菌及金黄色葡萄球菌4项病原微生物学指标。依照《生活饮用水卫生标准》（GB5749—2006）、《生活饮用水水质卫生规范》（卫生部，2001）和《Protocol for Developing Pathogen TMDLs, First Edition》（USEPA，2001）对检测结果进行判定，其中任何一项指标不合格者则判定为该份水样不合格。结果经消毒处理的水、自备井水、水源水的微生物指标不合格率分别为20．00％、95．45％和54．00％。其中，自备井水污染尤为严重，不合格样品中总大肠菌群和大肠埃希菌最高浓度分别为5600MPN／100mL和344MPN／100mL，是造成水样不合格率较高的主要因素。三种不同来源的水样三种微生物间相关性各异，可能与各自的生存环境有关。在水源水中检出1株以色列沙门菌和2株肠沙门菌双相亚利桑那亚种，其它三种致病菌在所有水样中均未检出。另外，该地区丰枯水期水源水微生物污染状况差异有统计学意义（X2=9．742；P=0．002），经消毒处理的水和自备井水微生物污染状况丰水期和枯水期差异无统计学意义。结论该地区存在水源受粪便污染风险，应加强饮水微生物监测，预防介水传染病的发生。Objective To investigate the status of microbiological indexes in source water and drinking water of somewhere in the northeast of China and to provide basic information for effectively enhancing the quality of drinking water. Methods A total of 92 source water and drinking water samples were collected in the summer and autumn of 2015. Microbiological indexes were analyzed according to the standard examination methods for drinking water-microbiological parameters （ CB/T 5750. 12 - 2006） , the methods for the examination of natural mineral drinking water （GB/T 8538 -2008 ） and the national food safety standard -food microbiological examination （GB 4789-2013）. Three sanitary microbiological indexes, including total bacteria counts, total coliforms and Escherichia coli, and five pathogenic microbiological indicators, including Escherichia coli O157：H7, Salmonel- la. , Shigella and Staphylococcus aureus were detected. If any index in a sample was not qualified according to the provision of the standards for drinking water quality （ GB 5749 - 2006 ） , hygienic specifications for drinking water quality （the Ministry of Health, 2001 ） and the protocol for developing pathogen TMDLs, first edition （ USEPA, 2001 ）, the sample must be judged as disqualification. Results The disqualification rate of water samples treated by sterilization, water samples from self- drilled wells and source water were 20.00% , 95.45% and 54.00% , re- spectively. The contamination of water samples from self - drilled well was more serious. The maximum counts of total coliform and Escherichia coli were 5 600 MPN/100 mL and 344 MPN/100 mL, respectively. The contamina- tion of total coliform and Escherichia coli was the main factor causing high disqualification of drinking water. The correlation among three sanitary microbiological indexes from three water sources was different, which may be relat- ed to their living environment. One strain of Salmonella. israel and two strains of Salm. ent. diarizonae were detec- ted in s

关 键 词：生活饮用水 水源水 粪便 微生物 调查 

分 类 号：R123.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]