城市快速路交通运行特性及组织原理——以北京市快速路为实例  

Traffic Characteristics and Operations Guidelines of Urban Freeways——An Empirical Study of the Urban Expressway in Beijing

作　　者：何庆[1] 吴玉兰[2] 李洋[1] 高爱霞[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京警察学院道路交通管理工程系,北京102202 [2]北京市交通委员会,北京100053

出　　处：《道路交通与安全》2016年第3期54-58,共5页Road Traffic & Safety

基　　金：北京市教委科技计划<基于可靠性分析的城市道路交通预警和应急技术研究>(编号SQKM201614019001)

摘　　要：基于北京市快速路交通流数据,首先介绍了城市快速路交通运行特性,阐述了提升快速路交通运行效果的可能性;其次,讨论了城市快速路交通组织原理,并对相关管理实践进行了反思:一是明确交通拥堵概念和范围,确定快速路交通组织优化的对象;二是强调交通密度是分析拥堵的关键指标,在实践中不应忽视;三是介绍基于交通流理论的快速路交通拥堵的评价方法,并对北京市快速路交通拥堵造成的经济损失进行了粗估.这一方法简单,但直观、易于理解.Based on the data collected on the urban expressways of Beijing,the paper analyzes the characteristics of traffic flow and discusses the possibility of the improvement to the operations of the urban expressways. It summarizes the principles of the traffic operations in practice. First,it confirms the optimal objective for traffic operations by defining the concepts of traffic congestion and its range; second,it emphasizes that the traffic density is the key indicator for the studies on traffic congestion which is usually ignored in practice; third,it proposes an method for evaluating traffic congestion which is based on the traffic flow theory,and gives a rough estimate of the economic loss of traffic congestion in Beijing.The proposed method is simple but concise and easy to understand.

关 键 词：交通管理 交通组织 交通拥堵 城市快速路 交通流 

分 类 号：U121[交通运输工程]