1982例成人急性腹泻病例病原谱检测分析  

Analysis of the pathogenic surveillance results of 1982 patients with acute diarrhea

作　　者：杨潇瑾[1] 袁颖华[1] 黄建芳[1] 黄海滨[1] 度尧[1] 马瑨[1] 吴缨芳[1] 谢德胜[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学附属上海市第五人民医院感染性疾病科,上海200240

出　　处：《中国医药导报》2016年第20期60-63,共4页China Medical Herald

基　　金：复旦大学附属上海市第五人民医院科研课题计划(2016WYYJ02)

摘　　要：目的 了解成人腹泻病流行特征和病原谱分布,为临床制订防控及治疗措施提供科学依据。方法 收集复旦大学附属上海市第五人民医院成人24 h肠道门诊2014年1月1日~2015年12月31日急性腹泻患者粪标本1982份,送上海市闵行区疾病预防控制中心进行细菌培养和病毒检测。结果 1982份粪便标本中,感染任一致病菌282例,感染率为14.23%,其中副溶血性弧菌感染率最高（8.48%）。感染任一病毒160例,感染率为8.07%,其中诺如病毒感染率最高（5.20%）。本研究显示,无论细菌或病毒感染,均呈现比较明显的季节性高峰,夏秋季以细菌性腹泻高发,而病毒性腹泻多出现在冬季。结论 本研究急性腹泻患者中病原谱较广。副溶血性弧菌、非伤寒沙门菌为细菌性腹泻的主要致病性病源菌,诺如病毒、轮状病毒为病毒性腹泻的主要致病性病原病毒,应根据不同病原的流行情况,在不同季节采取具有针对性的预防措施。Objective To investigate the epidemic features and pathogen spectrum distribution of adult diarrhea cases,in order to provide scientific evidence for developing prevention and control measures. Methods A total of 1982 stool samples were collected from diarrheal patients in Enteric Diseases Clinic of the Fifth People＇s Hospital of Shanghai,Fudan University during January 1st, 2014 to December 31 st, 2015. The stool samples were collected for bacteriological and virological detections in Minhang District Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in Shanghai. Results The positive rate of bacterium was 14.23%（282/1982）. The detection rate of Vibrio parahaemolyticus（8.48%） was higher than any other bacterium. The positive rate of virus was 8.07%（160/1982）. The detection rate of Norovirus（5.20%） was higher than any other virus. It was suggested that bacteria or virus infection all showed obvious seasonal peak. The prevalent seasons of bacterial diarrhea were summer and autumn and viral diarrhea was winter. Conclusion The pathogen spectrum is wide in patients with acute diarrhea. The major pathogens causing bacterial infections are Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Salmonella, the major pathogens causing viral infections are Norovirus and Rotavirus. It is necessary to take specific prevention and control measures based on different seasons and various pathogens.

关 键 词：急性腹泻 病原谱 监测 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]