维持性血液透析患者症状困扰相关影响因素分析  

The Analysis of Associated Impact Factors in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients with Symptom distress

作　　者：王饶萍[1] 陈小帆[1] 唐春苑[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学附属第一医院血液净化中心,广州510080

出　　处：《当代护士（下旬刊）》2016年第8期33-36,共4页Modern Nurse

摘　　要：目的 通过对301例维持性血液透析患者症状困扰现况及相关影响因素分析,找出维持性血液透析患者症状困扰的主要症状,为临床治疗提供信息。方法 采用方便抽样方法,使用自设的透析患者一般情况调查表、症状困扰量表、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数评定量表、综合主观性营养评估及综合医院焦虑、抑郁量表调查广东地区三家三级甲等医院及二家二级医院301例维持性血液透析患者。结果 维持性血液透析患者各症状发生率为23.3%~80.4%之间,其中发生率最高的三种症状分别为皮肤干燥（80.4%）、瘙痒（77.7%）和易醒（76.1%）,而严重程度得分最高的三种症状分别为瘙痒（3.41±1.53）分、性欲减退（2.83±1.57）分和易醒（2.70±1.27）分;透析患者症状困扰的症状有无得分及症状严重程度得分与匹兹堡睡眠质量指数总分、营养状况及焦虑、抑郁得分呈正相关（P〈0.001）。结论 血液透析患者症状困扰的发生率比国外研究的水平高,与国内研究的水平相一致,维持性血液透析患者存在诸多症状,给日常生活带来较大困扰,医务人员应重视这些问题,采取相应的措施。Objective The goal of this study is to find out the main symptoms of symptom stress in patients with maintenance hemodialysis,the association of these symptoms so as to provide economic and social relevance for clinical treatment through the investigation and analysis of associated impact factors of 301 hemodialysis patients with symptom distress.Methods Convenience sampling was used to choose 301 hemodialysis patients from three Level Three,Grade A hospitals and two Level Two,Grade A hospitals in Guangdong area.Self-designed General Questionnaire Table 、Symptom Distress Quantification Table、Nutritionstatus of SGA and General Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were used to analyze the symptom distress of patients.Results 1 The occurrence of various symptoms ranged between 23.3%-80.4%.The symptoms with the top three rate were： dry skin（ 80.4%）,itch（ 77.7%）,trouble in deep sleeping（ 76.1%）; however,the symptoms with the top three severity score were： itch（ 3.41±1.53）,decrease in sexual drive（ 2.83±1.57） and trouble in deep sleeping（ 2.70±1.27）.2 The global score of PQSI 、score of SGA and the score of depression and anxiety was positively correlated to the pervasiveness and severity of symptoms in hemodialysis patients（ P〈0.001）.Conclusion The occurrence of symptom distress in maintenance hemodialysis patients in Guangdong area is comparable to the results reported in other areas in China,but higher than western countries.Many symptoms of maintenance hemodialysis patients bother them in their daily life.Medical care personnel should pay attention to these problems and manage them with corresponding strategies.

关 键 词：维持性血液透析 症状困扰 影响因素 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]