银杏超级苗选择基础和方法探讨  

A Preliminary Study on the Basement and Method of Ginkgo Superior Seedling Selection

作　　者：郁万文[1] 蔡金峰[1] 苏明洲 

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心,江苏南京210037 [2]郯城县林业局,山东临沂276100

出　　处：《福建林业科技》2016年第2期212-216,共5页Journal of Fujian Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：江苏省博士后基金(1401062B);江苏省博士双创基金(银杏彩叶良种"万年金"观赏型苗木培育技术及产业化开发);江苏省"六大人才高峰"项目(2014-NY-045);江苏高校优势学科建设工程项目

摘　　要：以1~7年生的银杏半同胞家系实生苗为材料,探讨超级苗选择的遗传基础和方法。结果表明：11~7年生苗的同龄个体间的苗高、地径均存在显著或极显著差异。21~3年生苗的同龄个体间苗高变异均大于地径变异,同时苗高较容易测定,因此1~3年生银杏超级苗选择宜以苗高为主,兼顾地径等形质指标。3随着苗龄的增加,苗高测定趋于不便且不能准确测量,而地径测量相对容易且准确度高,因此4年生及以上苗龄的超级苗选择宜以地径为主,兼顾苗高等形质指标。4基于苗高均值加上2倍标准差作为选择标准进行初选,兼顾地径等形质指标进行复选,最终在供试的64000株7个苗龄的银杏实生苗中选出超级苗共计1744株,平均入选率为2.8%;基于地径均值加上2倍标准差作为选择标准进行初选,兼顾苗高等形质指标进行复选,最终在供试的64000株7个苗龄的银杏实生苗中选出超级苗共计2732株,平均入选率为4.3%。选出的超级苗表现出较高的生长优势。Some key problems on the genetic basis and method of superior seedling selection were studied with 1 - 7 ages of Ginkgo seedling. The results were as follows ： Height and basal diameter of Ginkgo seedlings in the same age class from one to seven ages exited significant differences. The variation of height was bigger than basal diameter among the same age individuals from one to three ages, and the height was easily measured. So the selection of Ginkgo superior seedling was to take height primarily and basal diameter and other form-quality indexes as auxiliary. With the age increment, the height measurement is more and more inconvenient and inaccurate,and the basal measurement is relatively easy and accurate. So the selection of Ginkgo superior seedling between 4-year-old and above was to take basal diameter primarily,height and other form-quality indexes as auxiliary. 1744 superior seedlings were selected with the primary and repeated selection by using the average height add two-times standard-deviation as Ginkgo superior seedlings selection standard and balancing basal diameter and other form-quality indexes, the selected ratio was 2. 8%. 2732 superior seedlings were selected with the primary and repeated selection by using the average basal diameter add two-times standard-deviation as Ginkgo superior seedlings selection standard and balancing height and other form-quality indexes, the selected ratio was 4. 3 %. The selected super seedlings showed upper growth advantage.

关 键 词：银杏 超级苗 苗期选择 

分 类 号：S722.33[农业科学—林木遗传育种]