苕溪流域畜禽养殖污染防控优先区域识别  

Analysis of Prevention and Control Priority Area of Animal Raising Pollution in Tiaoxi Basin

作　　者：路国彬[1] 王夏晖[1] 高彦鑫[1] 杜立新[2] 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部环境规划院,北京100012 [2]中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所,北京100193

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2016年第7期73-77,共5页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2015ZX07103-007);环境保护部项目(1441101800031)

摘　　要：为探究苕溪流域畜禽养殖污染现状,论文采用清单分析、聚类分析方法,分析畜禽养殖现状及污染空间分布特征,识别出污染重点区域和县域重点防控畜禽,使畜禽养殖业发展与污染防治更具针对性。研究结果显示,2012年苕溪流域生猪、奶牛、肉牛、蛋禽、肉禽年末出(存)栏量分别为225.38万头、0.75万头、0.45万头、2152.78万只、6208.66万只;COD、NH_3-N产生量分别为17.76×10~4 t、0.59×10~4 t,排放量分别为2.11×10~4 t、0.22×10~4 t,排放强度分别为135.44kg/hm^2、14.18kg/hm^2。通过畜禽养殖污染空间特征分析,识别出德清县和吴兴区为苕溪流域畜禽养殖污染优先防控区域。不同畜禽对污染物贡献率结果表明,德清县的重点防控畜禽为生猪,吴兴区的重点防控畜禽为家禽。With the industrial pollution having been effectively controlled, the animal raising pollution becomes a major source of water pollution. In order to explore the situation of animal raising pollution in Tiaoxi basin, this paper analyzed animal raising situation and pollution spatial distribution variation with inventory analysis and cluster analysis, identified the most serious area of animal raising pollution, and major animals to be controlled in the county, so that the development and pollution prevention would be well-directed. The results showed that the （deposit） column volume of pig, dairy, beef cattle, layer and meat birds were 225.38×104, 0.75×104, 0.45×104, 2152.78×104, 6208. 66×104. The production, emission load and the emission intensity of COD was 17.76× 104 t,2.11× 104 t and 135.44 kg/hm2, respec- tively. And the production, emission load and the emission intensity of NH3-N was 0. 59 × 104 t, 0.22 × 104 t and 14.18 kg/hm2 , respectively in 2012. Through the analysis of spatial characteristics of animal raising pollution, it was found that the Deqing and Wuxing was the priority control area of animal raising pollution in Tiaoxi basin. By difference analysis of the contribution rate of pollutants of different animals, it was found that the focus of control object was pig in Deqing and poultry in Wuxing.

关 键 词：苕溪流域 畜禽养殖污染 清单分析 空间特征 

分 类 号：S811.5[农业科学—畜牧学]