不同填料对近海域污染水体中磷的吸附效果研究  

STUDY ON THE PHOSPHATE-REMOVING ABILITY OF DIFFERENT FILTER MEDIA IN TREATING POLLUTED COASTAL WATER

作　　者：李瑞兴[1,2] 袁林江[2] 刘玉洪[1] 蔡碧端 廖杰[3] 刘琳[1] 刘超翔[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院城市环境研究所,福建厦门361021 [2]西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院西北水资源与环境生态教育部重点实验室,西安710055 [3]厦门理工学院,福建厦门361024

出　　处：《环境工程》2016年第7期33-37,共5页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：福建省对外合作项目;国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07302-002);厦门市科技计划项目(3502Z20142018);宁波市科技计划项目(2014A610099);福建省科技重大专项(2013YZ0001-1-2)

摘　　要：采用不同废弃物制成磷吸附填料来去除受污染水体中的磷。考察了水泥块、红砖、煤渣、海蛎壳及火山岩5种废弃物对近海域污染水体中磷的吸附性能,并对其机理进行解析。结果表明,水泥块有较大的比表面积,具有较高的除磷潜能,但其孔隙率较小,易被堵塞;而红砖块具有较大的孔隙率,可改善水力条件。在无盐度和盐度为30‰条件下,考察了填料除磷效果,结果表明,5种填料对磷的去除效果排序为:水泥块>煤渣>红砖>火山岩>海蛎壳;其中水泥块和煤渣的除磷效率分别达99.37%、99.0%和97.3%、94.6%,盐度对其除磷有较小的抑制作用;水泥块用作除磷填料最佳HRT为0.5 d,出水磷浓度达Ⅴ类地表水水质标准。The purification of the phosphorus in polluted water by filter medium made by solid waste is a environment-friendly and economical method. The experiment investigated the phosphorus removal performance of oyster shells（ OS）,volcanic rocks,concrete blocks（ CB）,coal cinder（ CC）,and red brick（ RB） in treating polluted coastal water and analyzed their mechanism. The results showed that,CB had a larger surface area and had a high phosphorus removal potential,but its less porosity prone was easy to be clogged; RB had larger porosity and could improved the hydraulic conditions. Through pilot-scale column experiments in the blank and 30‰ salinity conditions,the ability of different phosphorus adsorption column were investigated. The results showed that the phosphate removal efficiency by five filter media was in order of CB CC RB volcanic rocks OS. The phosphate removal efficiency in the blank and 30‰ salinity conditions by CB and CC was99. 37%,99. 0% and 97. 3%,94. 6%,respectively,and the inhibition of high salinity was small. The optimum contact time between filter medium and water body was investigated by comparing phosphorus removal efficiency under different HRT,and the results showed that the CB can still maintained higher phosphorus removal efficiency even when the HRT was reduced to 0. 5 d.

关 键 词：固体废物 填料 除磷 盐度 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]