枣实生后代不同成熟期抗裂果优良类型筛选  

Screening cracking-resistant types from naturally pollinated seedlings of Chinese jujube in different maturity stages

作　　者：任勇响 郑辉[2] 申连英[1] 王晓玲[1] 王瑶[1] 段开行 毛永民[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学中国枣研究中心,河北保定071001 [2]河北农业大学教学实习基地,河北保定071001

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》2016年第4期42-46,共5页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金："十二五"农村领域国家科技计划课题(2013BAD14BO30102)

摘　　要：本试验以220株母本为冬枣、灵宝大枣、鸡心枣和大荔龙枣的自然授粉实生后代为研究对象,对其果实的自然裂果特性进行了研究,结果表明:枣实生后代果实抗裂果能力有很大差异,出现超母本现象,筛选出极抗裂和抗裂类型76个。枣实生后代果实成熟期也出现较大分离,分离出早熟、中早熟和晚熟等类型。通过对果实品质和丰产性进行综合评价,筛选出果个大极抗裂优良干鲜兼用中早熟类型1个,极抗裂优良鲜食类型9个,早熟、中早熟、中熟、中晚熟和晚熟类型分别有1、3、1、3和1个。Fruit cracking is a widely existing physiological disease in the production of Chinese jujube,and currently the screening of cracking-resistant cultivars is the best way to prevent the loss by fruit cracking.As the breeding study of Chinese jujube starting late and developing slowly,colleting the seeds widely and screening new types from naturally pollinated seedlings is a better method with time-saving and work-saving advantages.In this study,we collected220 naturally pollinated seedlings of Chinese jujube,whose female parents were‘Dong zao＇,‘Ling bao da zao＇,‘Ji xin zao＇and‘Da li long zao＇,respectively,and studied their natural cracking characteristics.The results showed that the ability of cracking-resistant varied significantly from naturally pollinated seedlings,but some showed the higher ability than their female parent.As a result,76cracking-resistant types were screened out.Furthermore,the maturity stage of different Chinese jujube types also indicated a great difference.Through the comprehensive evaluation of fruit quality and yield,one early maturity type with good taste,high cracking-resistance and suitability for dry-fresh usage was screened out,and 9types withhigh cracking-resistance and suitability for fresh usage were screened out.The early,mid-early,middle,mid-late and late maturity types were all screened out,and their numbers were 1,3,1,3and 1,respectively.

关 键 词：枣 实生后代 裂果 

分 类 号：S662.9[农业科学—果树学]