浙江景宁亚高山湿地群形成环境探究  

Formation Environment of the Subalpine Wetlands in Jingning She Autonomous County, Zhejiang Province

作　　者：顾延生[1,2] 唐倩倩[3] 刘红叶[3] 秦养民[1,2] 唐小明 

机构地区：[1]生物地质与环境地质国家重点实验室,中国地质大学,湖北武汉430074 [2]湿地演化与生态恢复湖北省重点实验室,中国地质大学,湖北武汉430074 [3]中国地质大学环境学院,湖北武汉430074 [4]浙江地质矿产研究所,浙江杭州310007

出　　处：《湿地科学》2016年第3期302-310,共9页Wetland Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41572153);景宁畲族自治县地质遗迹调查与地质公园项目资助

摘　　要：为了查明浙江省丽水市景宁畲族自治县分布的亚高山湿地群的成因及其环境意义,利用望东垟湿地钻孔沉积物样品,进行基于岩石学、年代学和孢粉学的综合研究,提取了研究区全新世以来较高分辨率环境演化信息。野外地貌地质调查表明,景宁亚高山湿地群的形成、分布与区域夷平面、古火山机构关系紧密。沉积物孢粉分析表明,研究区全新世植物种类丰富,主要由11大科属蕨类、8大科属裸子植物、20大科属阔叶类、10大科属陆生草本和7大科属水生沼生植物组成。利用孢粉组合带及气候代用指标,重建了古植被与古气候演化的6个阶段：1深度2.84-2.30 m,全新世早、中期温暖湿润气候,地带性植被为含针叶常绿、落叶阔叶林,非地带性植被为沼泽;2深度2.30-1.67 m,为全新世中、晚期温暖偏干气候,可见地带性植被为含针叶林常绿、落叶阔叶林,非地带性植被为草甸;3深度1.67-1.50 m,为全新世降温期温凉偏干气候,地带性植被为含常绿针阔叶混交林,非地带性植被为草甸向沼泽过渡;4深度1.50-1.22 m,为中世纪暖湿气候,地带性植被为落叶、常绿阔叶林,非地带性植被为沼泽;5深度1.22-1.02 m,为小冰期前期凉湿气候,地带性植被为含常绿针阔叶混交林,非地带性植被为沼泽;6深度1.02-0.50 m,为小冰期凉干与凉湿交替气候,地带性植被类型为含常绿针阔叶混交林,非地带性植被为草甸与沼泽交替。研究结果表明,全新世以来,区域地貌过程、气候变化和沉积作用共同塑造了景宁地区亚高山湿地群,温度、湿度变化分别对地带性植被、非地带性植被演化产生了显著影响。本研究不仅对亚高山湿地生态系统保护具有重要意义,而且为探索中国东部全新世以来气候变化与区域湿地沉积响应提供了重要资料。In order to reveal the genesis and environmental significance of the subalpine wetlands developed in Jingning She autonomous county, Lishui city, Zhejiang province, this paper first showed a relatively high-resolution of environmental change history based on the comprehensive research on the lithology, dating and pollen-spore records from the sediments of Wangdongyang Wetlands core. The field survey on the regional geomorphology and geology indicated that the occurrences and distributions of the subalpine wetlands were related to the regional plantation surfaces and remained ancient volcanic mechanisms. The identified families and genera of spore-pollen records indicated that the study area had an abundant biodiversity of plants, including11 species/family of ferns, 8 species/family of gymnosperm trees, 20 species/family of broad-leaved trees, 10species/family of terrestrial herbs, and 7 species/family of wetland plants. Both pollen-spore assemblages and climatic indices demonstrated that there were 6 stages of paleo-vegetation and paleo-climatic changes during Holocene as follows：（1） depth of 2.84-2.30 m, there occurred a warm-humid climate in the early-middle Holocene, and the zonal vegetation was evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest containing few coniferous trees, and the azonal vegetation was a swamp in the low-lying areas;（2） depth of 2.30-1.67 m, it was a warm-dry climate in the mid-late Holocene, and the zonal vegetation was evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forest containing few coniferous trees, and the azonal vegetation was a meadow in the low-lying areas;（3） depth of 1.67-1.50 m, there occurred a cool-dry climate in the Holocene Katathermal, and the zonal vegetation was evergreen coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest, and the azonal vegetation was a transition from the meadow to swamp in the low-lying areas;（4） depth of 1.50-1.22 m, there was a warm-humid climate again in the Medieval Warmth Period, and the zonal vegetation was deciduous and evergreen broad-leaved forest

关 键 词：景宁畲族自治县 亚高山湿地群 气候变化 地带性植被 非地带性植被 

分 类 号：P343.4[天文地球—水文科学] P467[天文地球—地球物理学]