克鲁假丝酵母对肉鸡生长性能、免疫功能、血液指标及粪尿除臭的影响  

Effects of Candida krusei on Growth Performance,Immune Function,Blood Indices and Manure Deodorization of Broilers

作　　者：司彦培 刘国华[1] 蔡辉益[1] 常文环[1] 郑爱娟[1] 张姝[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院饲料研究所,农业部生物饲料重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2016年第7期2228-2234,共7页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：“十二五”国家科技支撑计划课题“生态环保饲粮生产关键技术研发与集成示范”(2011BAD26B03);国家肉鸡产业技术体系

摘　　要：克鲁假丝酵母（Candida krusei,LSA）是本研究团队从鸡粪中筛选出的一株具有氨氮降解能力的酵母菌。本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平的LSA对肉鸡生长性能、免疫功能、血液指标及粪尿除臭的影响。选用1日龄健康的爱拔益加（AA）肉公鸡240只,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每重复10只。对照组饲喂无抗生素添加的基础饲粮,3个试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加1.0×10^7、1.0×10^8和1.0×10^9CFU/kg LSA。试验期42 d,全期自由采食和饮水。结果表明：1）各组肉鸡平均日采食量、平均日增重、平均体重及料重比均无显著差异（P〉0.05）。2）饲粮中添加LSA对肉鸡胸腺指数和法氏囊指数没有显著影响（P〉0.05）,但添加1.0×10^8CFU/kg LSA显著提高了肉鸡脾脏指数（P〈0.05）。3）饲粮中添加LSA显著降低了血清中尿酸及血浆中氨含量（P〈0.05）,但对血清中总蛋白、白蛋白和球蛋白等生化指标无显著影响（P〉0.05）。4）饲粮中添加LSA对粪尿含水量、总氮含量无显著影响（P〉0.05）,但添加1.0×10~8CFU/kg LSA显著降低了粪尿氨氮含量（P〈0.05）。由此可见,LSA对肉鸡生长性能、免疫器官及血液指标无不良影响;饲粮中添加LSA可以提高肉鸡免疫功能,改善机体的氮代谢,减少粪尿中氨氮的含量,降低环境污染。Candida krusei（ LSA） is a kind of yeast with ammonia nitrogen degradation ability that our research team screened out from chicken manure. This study was to evaluate the effects of different dietary supplementation levels of LSA on growth performance,immune function,blood indices and manure deodorization of broilers. A total of 240 one-day-old healthy Arbor Acres male broilers were randomly allotted to 4 groups with 6 replicates per group and 10 birds per replicate. The four diets included a basal diet without antibiotic and3 experimental diets supplemented with 1.0 × 10^7,1.0×10^8and 1.0 × 10^9 CFU/kg LSA based on the basal diet,respectively. The experiment lasted for 42 d and feed and water were accessed ad libitum. The results show ed as follow s： 1） average daily feed intake,average daily gain,average body weight and ratio of feed to gain of broilers among all groups were not significantly different（ P〉0.05）. 2） Dietary LSA supplementation had no significant influence on thymus index and bursal index of broilers（ P〉0.05）,but 1. 0 × 10^8 CFU/kg LSA significantly increased spleen index（ P〈0.05）. 3） Dietary LSA supplementation significantly reduced the contents of serum uric acid and plasma ammonia（ P〈0. 05）,but had no significant influence on biochemical indices such as serum total protein,albumin and globulin（ P〈0.05）. 4） Dietary LSA supplementation had no significant influence on contents of water and total nitrogen of manure（ P〉0.05）,but 1.0 × 10^8 CFU/kg LSA significantly decreased the ammonia nitrogen content of manure（ P〈0.05）. In conclusion,dietary LSA supplementation has no adverse effect on growth performance,immune organs and blood indices,and can enhance the immune function of broilers,improve their nitrogen metabolism,decrease the ammonia nitrogen content in the manure,and reduce environmental pollution.

关 键 词：克鲁假丝酵母 肉鸡 生长性能 免疫 血液指标 粪尿除臭 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]