肝硬化上消化道出血患者反复入院体验的质性研究  

Qualitative research on repeated hospitalization experiences in patients with liver cirrhosis

作　　者：孟园[1,2] 牛小霞[2] 李亚[2] 王乔敏[2] 皮红英[3] 

机构地区：[1]解放军医学院,北京100853 [2]解放军第302医院肝纤维化诊疗中心,北京100039 [3]解放军总医院护理部,北京100853

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2016年第4期537-539,共3页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

摘　　要：目的：了解肝硬化上消化道出血患者的反复入院体验，分析其影响因素。方法采用质性研究中的现象学研究方法，对某三级甲等传染病医院10例有反复入院经历的肝硬化上消化道出血患者进行访谈，采用Colaizzi 7步分析法对资料进行分析、归纳、提炼。结果通过对资料的分析、归纳、提炼，得出以下5个主题：疾病反复发作是导致患者反复入院的主要原因，其他还包括：对疾病的认知存在不足，疾病的管理压力大，需要强大的社会支持系统，反复住院造成心理压力加大。结论医护人员应提高业务素质的培养，加强对肝硬化上消化道出血患者的健康宣教及院外生活方式的干预，给予有针对性的心理护理，提高患者对疾病的认知程度和自我管理能力，减轻患者的疾病管理压力，从而减少患者的再入院率。Objective To understand the experiences of repeated hospitalization in liver cirrhosis patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage, and analyze its influencing factors. Methods By using the qualitative phenomenological research methodology,10 patients who had liver cirrhosis with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage and had experiences of repeated hospitalization were selected and the in-depth interview were conducted. The results were analyzed, concluded and refined with Colaizzz′s seven steps of phenomenological analysis. Results By means of analysis, induction and distilling, 5 themes were addressed including recurrent disease causing as the main reasons for repeated hospitalization, cognitive shortcomings of disease, high pressure of the management of the disease, needing a strong social support system, and repeated hospitalization causing psychological pressure increase. Conclusions Medical staff should improve the cultivation of professional quality, strengthen the intervention on health education and outside the hospital way of life in liver cirrhosis patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage, give targeted psychological care, improve the patients cognition of disease and self-management ability, and reduce the pressure of the patient′s disease management, so as to reduce readmission rate of patients.

关 键 词：肝硬化 再入院 上消化道出血 反复入院 质性研究 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]