犁翻旋耕复式作业耕整机的设计与试验  

Design and experiment of plowing and rotary tillage combined machine

作　　者：秦宽[1] 丁为民[1] 方志超[1] 杜涛涛[1] 赵思琪[1] 王朕[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学工学院,南京210031

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2016年第16期7-16,共10页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目资助(2013BAD08B04)

摘　　要：为了满足稻麦轮作耕作方式的整地需求,设计研制一款集翻耕、旋耕、秸秆粉碎还田等多道工序的犁翻旋耕复试作业整地机械。根据机器复试作业的特点,设计过程重点考虑犁耕与旋耕作业之间的交互作用,将旋耕机架整体向右侧偏置210 mm,且左、右旋耕刀辊内侧旋耕刀至副减速箱距离均为50 mm。根据实际田间作业情况,应用EDEM仿真软件进行虚拟田间作业仿真,仿真结果表明:碎土率为91.4%,地表平整度小于20 mm。在设计与仿真的基础上,进行田间试验,设计一组先犁耕后旋耕作业试验与犁旋耕整机复式作业相对照,田间试验表明:犁旋耕整机作业后,耕宽、耕深、地表平整度分别为1.98 m、21.6 cm、1.87 cm,耕深稳定系数、耕宽稳定系数、碎土率、植被覆盖率均达到90%以上,各项指标均优于二次整地模式,且在油耗、生产率指标上远远优于后者。该研究为复式整地机械的研制及交互性设计提供参考。In the rice-wheat crop rotation and other type of double cropping system areas, a large number of straws were left in filed after harvesting. Most areas need the twice field preparation for crop production so that straw could be returned to soil. In order to solve the problems of straw-returning and soil preparation in the rice-wheat crop rotation, the plowing and rotary tilling compound soil preparation machine was designed. The compound soil preparation machine mainly included plough mechanism, rotary tilling mechanism and rack. There were four plough bodies installed in the plough frame of the compound soil preparation machine and two rotary tilling knife rolls divided by the auxiliary gear box installed in the rotary tilling frame of the machine. There were 26 couple rotary tilling blades installed in the left and right knife roll and ranging by double helical line. The interaction of the plowing mechanism and the rotary tilling mechanism when the compound soil preparation machine was working was mainly considered in the designing process. For balancing couples of ploughing, the rotary tilling frame was offset 210 mm to right. For making the soil was shatter better, the distances that two rotary blades of close to the auxiliary gear box on the left and right knife roll to the auxiliary gear box were 50 mm. The compound soil preparation machine was studied in this paper based on the theory of discrete element method（DEM）. The dynamical model of the compound soil preparation machine was established based on its working principle. The DEM model of the compound soil preparation machine was established by the discrete element software EDEM and the virtual simulation of working situation was carried out. The simulation results showed that the broken rate of soil of the compound soil preparation machine was 91.4% and the surface roughness of the machine was less than 2 cm. A field experiment was conducted to validate the rationality of designing methods and working performance of the compound soil preparation ma

关 键 词：试验 农业机械 轮作 犁旋 复式 交互作用 EDEM仿真 

分 类 号：S222.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程]