LED多光谱间歇发光太阳能杀虫灯对稻田害虫诱杀效果  

LED multispectral circulation solar insecticidal lamp application in rice field

作　　者：涂海华[1] 唐乃雄 胡秀霞[1] 姚志文[2] 王广利[2] 魏洪义[2] 

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学理学院,南昌330045 [2]江西农业大学农学院,南昌330045

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2016年第16期193-197,共5页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2012BAD14B14);江西省科技支撑计划(20132BBF60073)资助

摘　　要：南方水稻种植期间害虫轮流发生,以稻飞虱、稻纵卷叶螟、二化螟、三化螟的危害性最大,为了降低水稻害虫的发生率,防止农药的滥用,最好是采用物理防治。试验根据害虫的趋光性的波段范围以及夜晚活动旺盛时间(扑灯节律)的差异,研制了一种LED(light emitting diodes)多光谱循环式太阳能杀虫灯,实现诱捕害虫的最大化。试验结果发现该灯对水稻害虫有较大的诱杀力,期间诱杀稻纵卷叶螟32.5%、二化螟25.6%、三化螟25.15%,各类稻飞虱占9.35%,其它害虫类别6.90%,灯区较对照区减少药剂防治2次;该灯对益虫的影响较小,诱捕的益害比为0.0089∶1,有利于保护生态平衡。该灯能有效地杀灭水稻害虫,减少水稻种植过程中农药使用量并提高经济效益。Double cropping rice in southern China is planted starting from May to the end of October. The pests occur in turn during this period, and the rice planthopper, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, rice stem borer, and Tryporyza incertulas are the most harmful. In order to obtain high yields, farmers must uninterruptedly use various types of agrochemicals for the prevention and control on the outbreak of pests. In recent years, researchers have studied the phototaxis behaviors of rice pests at night. For example, rice leaf folder, Scirpophaga incertulas, Chilo suppressalis, Sesamia inferens, and Oxya chinensis are more sensitive in the violet light（350-400 nm）, and rice gall midge, brown planthopper, and white-backed planthopper are more sensitive in the blue light（470 nm） and green（515-550 nm）, while aphids（green）, thrips, and tabaci are more sensitive in the yellow light（550-590 nm）. The use of black light lamp, double-wave lamp, vibration frequency spectrum lamp, light emitting diode（LED） lamp, and so on can prevent and control rice pest, which have achieved good results. Lighting prevention does not produced any pesticide pollution, pest resistance and high cost compared with the chemical prevention. In this paper, we studied the night life regularity of insects and the rhythm of insects to the searchlight trap. For instance, the activity time of rice planthopper, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis and rice stem borer is from 7：00 in evening to 1：00 in the next morning, rice gall midge, brown planthopper, and white-backed planthopper mainly appear in 8：30-10：30 in evening, and Sesamia inferens usually acts from 10：30 in evening to 1：30 in the next morning. In order to overcome the drawbacks that lights were on all night and beneficial insects were captured by the light, we developed the LED multispectral circulating solar insecticidal lamp that can control time cycle and open different spectral peak lamp to kill the corresponding insect at night, which realized the maximization of luring pests

关 键 词：发光二极管 害虫防治 作物 LED多光谱灯 太阳能杀虫灯 趋光性 扑灯节律 水稻害虫 

分 类 号：S477.9[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]