2009-2015年五指山地区手足口病流行病学分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Wuzhishan,2009-2015

作　　者：吴倩[1] 顾潇旎 吴起武[2] 盛丽萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]海南省第二人民医院儿科,海南五指山572299 [2]广东医学院附属陈星海医院儿科,广东中山528415

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2016年第15期2700-2702,2720,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析2009-2015年五指山市手足口病的流行病学特征,为制定科学有效的防控措施提供依据。方法运用描述性流行病学方法,对2009-2015年五指山市手足口病疫情资料及病原学监测资料进行分析。结果 2009-2015年共报告0-15岁儿童手足口病1 590例,年均发病率21.80/10万,男女比例为1.75∶1;发病主要集中在6岁以下年龄组,占95.80%;无重症和死亡病例;2011-2015年城镇儿童患病人数多于农村儿童。流行特点为8月份发病人数开始增多,10月份达高峰,次年2月份开始降低。病原学检测肠道病毒71型(EV71)阳性率为30.08%(77/256),科萨奇病毒A16型(Cox A16)阳性率为38.67%(99/256),其他肠道病毒阳性率为31.25%(80/256)。结论五指山地区手足口病的流行特征以6岁以下未入托儿童为主,男童好发,城镇多于农村,流行优势毒株因年度而异;持续开展健康教育宣传,加强监测、有效处理疫情是控制手足口病疫情的关键措施。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of hand - foot - and - mouth disease （HFMD） in Wuzhishan between 2009 and 2015, and to provide a reference for developing effective scientific prevention and control strategies against the disease. Methods Descriptive epidemiology approaches were used to analyze the epidmnic amt etiological surveillance data on HFMD in Wuzhishan City between 2009 and 2015. Results A total of 1590 cases of HFMD aged 0 - 15 years were reported in Wuzhishan, with an average annual incidence of 21.80/100,000, amt no severe nor death cases were reported. The male/female ratio of reported incidence was 1.75 ： 1. Incidence mainly occurred in children under the age of 6, accounting for 95.80% of the total cases. The number of sick children in urban areas is greater than the number of rural children between 2009 and 2015. HFMD incidence gradually increased from August, peaked in October, and then gradually decreased from February of next year. Etiological analysis revealed the major pathogens of HFMD ,with enterovirus 71 （EV71） tested at a positive rate of 30.08% （77/256） ,whereas Coxsackievirus A16 （CoxA16） and other enteroviruses tested at positive rates of 38. 67% （99/256） and 31. 25% （80/256） respectively. Conclusion The HFMD epidemic in Wuzhishan is specifically characterized by young children less than six years old, male children, who more likely reside in urban areas than rural areas. A shift in the major causative virus strain between 2009 and 2015 was also observed. In order to effectively deal with and control the epidemic of HFMD in Wuzhishan,it is necessary to strengthen the health education and surveillance.

关 键 词：手足口病 流行病学特征 分析 预防控制 

分 类 号：R181.23[医药卫生—流行病学]