小学生努力控制对学业成绩的影响:同伴关系的中介作用  

The Effect of Primary School Students' Effortful Control on Their Academic Achievements:the Mediating Effect of Peer Relationship

作　　者：杨丽珠[1] 王素霞[1] 陈靖涵[1,2] 沈悦[1] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学心理学院,大连116029 [2]黑龙江幼儿师范高等专科学校,牡丹江157011

出　　处：《中国特殊教育》2016年第7期84-89,共6页Chinese Journal of Special Education

基　　金：2011年国家社会科学基金重点项目"我国儿童青少年人格发展及其培养"(项目批准号:11AZD089);2014年辽宁省哲学社会科学规划基金"辽宁省农村寄宿制中小学生心理与行为问题状况及教育策略分析"(项目批准号:L14DSH017;2014.12);2014年辽宁省教育厅重点研究基地专项"辽宁省小学生自我调控的发展特点及教育策略"(项目批准号:ZJ2014028)的研究成果

摘　　要：目的:探讨小学生努力控制、同伴关系和学业成绩之间的关系。方法:修订美国的TMCQ-努力控制分问卷作为测量小学生努力控制的工具,并结合同伴关系问卷和期末考试成绩,对191名小学生进行调查。结果表明:(1)小学生努力控制、同伴关系和学业成绩均显著正相关;(2)同伴关系在努力控制和学习成绩的关系上起部分中介作用,即努力控制不仅会直接影响小学生的学业成绩,还会通过影响同伴关系进而影响学业成绩;(3)同伴关系的中介效应存在性别差异,在女生群体中更为明显。由此可见,对于存在学业不良现象的儿童,尤其是女学生,家长和教师可以在促进学生努力控制发展的同时,帮助他们建立积极的同伴关系,进而改善其学业状况。This study aims to explore the relationship between primary school students＇ effortful control, peer relationship and academic achievements, by using the self-devised TMCQ-Efforfful Control Scale, the Peer Rela- tionship Questionnaire, and the final exam scores to test 191 primary school students. The results showed the fol- lowing： （1） There were significantly positive correlations between the primary school students＇ efforfful control, peer relationship and academic achievements; （2） their peer relationship could mediate between their effortfirl control and academic achievements, namely their efforfful control could have a direct effect on their academic achievements, and could have an indirect effect on their academic achievements through the agency of peer rela- tionship; and （3） there was a gender difference in the mediating effect of peer relationship, typically in that of the female group. Therefore, parents and teachers can help children with learning difficulties, especially girls with learning difficulties, promote the development of their efforfful control, and help them establish positive peer relationship.

关 键 词：小学生 努力控制 同伴关系 学业成绩 中介变量 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学]