施氮量与机插密度对超级稻Y两优1号产量和氮肥利用率的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Rate and Mechanized Transplanting Density on Grain Yield and N-use Efficiency of Super Rice Y Liangyou 1

作　　者：王玉梅[1] 谢小兵[1] 陈佳娜[1] 单双吕 曹放波[1] 高伟[1] 李志斌[1] 周雪峰[1] 黄敏[1] 邹应斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2016年第4期47-53,共7页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设水稻栽培与土壤岗位科学家项目(CARS-01-30)

摘　　要：在湖南长沙以超级稻Y两优1号为材料,研究了机插秧条件下栽插密度和施氮量对产量表现及氮肥利用率的影响。结果表明:产量随机插密度增加而增加,随施氮量的增加先增后降,机插密度和施氮量均通过增加有效穗数来增加产量;产量最高的处理组合为N1D1(施氮量170 kg/hm^2,密度36.4万穴/hm^2,产量9.57 t/hm^2),其次为N1D2(施氮量170 kg/hm^2,密度为28.6万穴/hm^2,产量9.45 t/hm^2)和N2D1(施氮量240 kg/hm^2,密度为36.4万穴/hm^2,产量9.38 t/hm^2)。降低施氮量或增加机插密度能提高氮肥吸收利用率和氮肥偏生产力。在施氮量为170 kg/hm^2、机插密度为28.6万~36.4万穴/hm2条件下,既可以获得高产,又可以提高氮肥利用率。Using Y Liangyou 1（ a super hybrid rice） as the material,the effects of nitrogen rate and planting density under the mechanized transplanting conditions were studied on grain yield and N-use efficiency at Changsha,Hunan Province. The results showed that the grain yield increased with the increasing of density. With the increasing of the amount of nitrogen application,the grain yield of Y Liangyou 1 increased at a N rate of 170 kg / hm^2,and then reduced at a N rate of 240 kg / hm^2. Increasing nitrogen rate and mechanized transplanting density could improve grain yield due to the increased number of effective panicles. The highest yield was achieved by a combination of N1D1（ 9. 57 t / hm^2 with a N rate of 170 kg / hm^2 and a density of 36. 4 hills / m^2）,and the next came to the combinations of N1D2（ 9. 45 t / hm^2 with a N rate of 170 kg / hm^2 and a density of 28. 6 hills / m^2） and N2D1（ 9. 38 t / hm^2 with a N rate of 120 kg / hm^2 and a density of 36. 4 hills / m^2）. Either decreasing nitrogen or increasing density could significantly increase N recovery efficiency（ NRE） and N partial factor productivity（ NPFP）. The adoption of the nitrogen rate of 170 kg / hm^2 and the mechanized transplanting density of 28. 6 - 36. 4 hills / m^2 would attain both a higher yield and a higher N-use efficiency for the super rice Y Liangyou 1.

关 键 词：超级杂交稻 Y两优1号 施氮量 机插密度 产量 氮肥利用率 

分 类 号：S511.048[农业科学—作物学] S143