超级杂交稻冠层形态结构与干物质生产特性研究  

Studies on Canopy Structure and Dry Matter Production of Super Hybrid Rice

作　　者：庄文[1] 李诚[1] 常硕其[1] 吴俊[1] 邓启云[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南杂交水稻研究中心杂交水稻国家重点实验室,湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《杂交水稻》2016年第4期67-70,共4页Hybrid Rice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31470089);湖南省自然科学基金(2016JJ6057)

摘　　要：以第1,2,3期超级杂交稻代表品种两优培九、Y两优1号、Y两优2号为材料、以高产三系杂交稻汕优63为对照,对冠层形态结构、干物质积累与转运和产量性状进行了研究。结果表明:与对照汕优63相比,超级杂交稻的比叶重、卷叶指数较大,叶基角、披垂角较小,表现为上3叶直立、厚、卷,基部透光率较高;总干物质积累量及抽穗后干物质积累量、茎鞘物质输出率较高,群体总颖花量、每穗总粒数和结实率也显著高于对照,且随不同时期超级杂交稻产量水平的提高,群体总颖花量、抽穗后及总干物质积累量依次提高。在"源"足、"流"畅的支撑下,不断提高"库"容量是进一步提高超级杂交稻产量水平的重要途径。Using Liangyou Peijiu（ LYPJ）,Y Liangyou 1（ Y1） and Y Liangyou 2（ Y2）,the representative super hybrid rice variety of Phase Ⅰ,Ⅱ and Ⅲ,respectively,as the materials and Shanyou 63（ SY 63）,a high-yield three-line hybrid rice variety,as the control,the studies were conducted on the canopy structure,dry matter accumulation and translocation,and yield traits of super hybrid rice. The results showed that,compared with the check SY 63,super hybrid rice varieties had greater specific leaf weight and leaf rolling index,smaller leaf basal and drooping angles performed as erect,thick and rolled top three leaves,higher basal light transmittance,total dry matter accumulation and post-heading dry matter accumulation and export percentage of stem and sheath matter,more spikelets per panicle and total spikelets per hectare,and higher seed setting rate. With the yield level increase of super hybrid rice,the total spikelets per hectare,total and post-heading dry matter accumulation increased. On the basis of the sufficient ″Source″and unobstructed ″Flow″,it is an important approach to expand the″Sink″as much as possible to further raising the yield level of super hybrid rice.

关 键 词：超级杂交稻 冠层形态 干物质积累 高产 

分 类 号：S511.01[农业科学—作物学] S311