土壤盐分含量对滴灌复播青储玉米光合特性及土壤水盐动态的影响  

Effects of soil salt content on water-salt dynamic and photosynthetic characteristics of drip irrigated silage maize in sequential cropping systems

作　　者：裴磊[1,2] 王振华[1,2] 郑旭荣[1,2] 李文昊[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学水利建筑工程学院,新疆石河子832000 [2]石河子大学现代节水灌溉兵团重点实验室,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2016年第4期77-84,93,共9页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD20B03;2011BAD29B06);石河子大学高层次人才科研启动专项(RCZX201433)

摘　　要：通过盆栽试验,研究了不同土壤含盐量（0.14%（CK）、0.60%、0.80%、0.90%、1.00%）条件下,青储玉米光合特性及土壤水盐运动规律变化。结果表明：随着土层深度的增加,土壤含水率和含盐量均表现出增加的趋势,土壤盐分含量越高其平均含水率越高,由含盐量为0.14%处理的12.30%增加到含盐量为1.00%处理的15.82%;从7月初到10月初,各处理0-40 cm土层盐分变化量依次为-0.03%、-0.08%、-0.12%、-0.14%、-0.17%,盐分变化率依次为-11.52%、-13.34%、-13.88%、-14.81%、-17.41%,所有处理0-40 cm土层处于脱盐状态;土壤盐分抑制青储玉米叶片气孔导度,因气孔限制因素,玉米叶片净光合速率、蒸腾速率、胞间CO_2浓度等均下降,影响光系统的正常运行,导致玉米叶片水分利用效率和光能利用率降低。A pot experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of soil salt content on soil water-salt dynamics and physiological indexes of drip irrigated silage maize to provide a theoretical foundation and technical support for planting silage maize in saline- alkali soils. Different soil salt contents（ 0. 14%（ CK）,0. 60%,0. 80%,0. 90%,and 1. 00%） were set up,and soil water-salt dynamics and physiological indices of drip irrigated silage maize were consequently studied. The results showed that with the increase of soil depth,soil water content and salt content showed an increasing trend. The greater soil salt content,the higher the average soil moisture content.Compared with the soil salt content before sowing,salt content by each treatment in 0 to 40 cm soil layer became decreased at harvest time,indicating a desalination process during the growth period. Soil salt inhibited stomatal conductance,decreased photosynthesis rate,and increased water use efficiency and light use efficiency in leaf of silage maize.

关 键 词：滴灌 复播 青储玉米 土壤水盐运动 光合特性 

分 类 号：S278[农业科学—农业水土工程] S513[农业科学—农业工程]