特旱条件下玉米自交系抗旱性评价  

Evaluation of drought resistance on maize inbred lines under special drought conditions

作　　者：孟庆立[1] 赵宁娟[1] 张宇文[1] 屈洋[1] 张华锋[1] 胡银岗[2] 

机构地区：[1]宝鸡市农业科学研究所,陕西岐山722499 [2]西北农林科技大学旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2016年第4期106-111,共6页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：旱区作物逆境生物学国家重点实验室开放课题基金(CSBAA201214);陕西省科技厅农业科技创新与攻关项目(2016NY-004)

摘　　要：为了发掘和利用玉米抗旱种质资源,选育耐旱高产的玉米杂交种,通过全生育期控水试验,对58个玉米优良自交系的抗旱性进行了鉴定和评价,并进行了抗旱性聚类和遗传背景分析。结果表明：在特旱条件下,58个自交系减产幅度为40.6%-100%,平均产量下降了81.6%;结实率、穗行数、行粒数、出籽率4个性状分别与抗旱系数或抗旱指数存在显著或极显著的相关性,可作为玉米自交系抗旱性评价的关键指标;根据抗旱性的不同,58个自交系可划分为3类,其中第I类自交系K12、PB1139、RD6的抗旱性极强,第II类自交系CL11、郑58、P138、特早熟、Ft45-5具有较强的抗旱潜力。为了便于利用杂种优势,将不同抗旱性的自交系按照其所属遗传类群进行了再次划分,58个自交系可划分为2个类群,其中A群中抗旱性强的自交系有CL11和郑58,B群中抗旱性强的自交系有K12、PB1139、RD6、Ft45-5、P138和特早熟。In order to excavate and use drought resistance maize germplasm resources,and to select high yield and drought resistance maize seeds,58 elite inbred lines had been evaluated on their drought resistance by use of water control during the growth period. Dendrogram of drought resistance and genetic group had been clustered at the same time. The results showed that the yield decreasing range reached 40. 6% - 100%,and the average yield was decreased by 81. 6% under special drought condition. Seed setting rate,ear rows,kernels per row,and seedproducing ratio had significant or very significant correlations with drought resistance coefficients and indexes. They could be used as key indicators of drought resistance of maize inbred lines. 58 inbred lines could be divided into 3groups according to their drought resistance. K12,PB1139,RD6 had particular resistance ability on drought stress. Inbred lines CL11,ZHENG58,P138,SPECIAL EARLY MAIZE,Ft45- 5 had great potential on drought- resistance. In order to use their heterosis,58 inbred lines could be divided to 2 groups according to their genetic distances. CL11 and ZHENG 58 belonged to A group and K12,PB1139,RD6,Ft45- 5,P138 and SPECIAL EARLY MAIZE belonged to B group.

关 键 词：特旱 玉米自交系 抗旱性 遗传分析 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]