超声心动图对老年钙化性心脏瓣膜病的诊断价值  

The value of echocardiography in the diagnosis of senile calcified valvular heart disease

作　　者：蒙振明[1] 陈巧玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区玉林市红十字会医院超声科,537000

出　　处：《蚌埠医学院学报》2016年第6期793-796,共4页Journal of Bengbu Medical College

摘　　要：目的：探讨超声心动图对老年钙化性心脏瓣膜病（CVHD）的诊断价值。方法：回顾性分析行超声心动图检查的368例老年患者临床资料,分析CVHD患者心脏瓣膜的累及情况以及血流动力学变化;探讨CVHD患者心腔扩大和功能障碍情况,分析CVHD患者的超声心动图特征。对比60~69岁、70~79岁、80~89岁三个年龄段CVHD的发病情况;分析CVHD患者不同部位在不同年龄段的发病率差异。结果：经超声心动图检查,368例老年患者中共检出94例CVHD患者,总检出率25.54%。随着年龄的增大,老年CVHD患者的检出率也不断升高（P〈0.05）;不同年龄段单纯主动脉瓣CVHD检出比例差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;部分患者伴有血流动力学改变,患者多数伴有高血压病、冠心病、糖尿病以及高脂血症等。结论：老年CVHD患者检出率随年龄增大而不断升高,发生部位以单纯主动脉瓣受累为主,半数以上患者具有主动脉瓣和二尖瓣狭窄、反流,心腔扩大、肥大等心功能障碍表现。超声心动图可明确显示瓣膜钙化程度及部位,监测其血流动力学变化,准确评估心脏瓣膜功能,而且对患者无损伤,具有广泛开展的临床价值。Objective： To explore the value of echocardiography in the diagnosis of senile calcified valvular heart disease（ CVHD）.Methods： The clinical data of echocardiography in 368 elderly patients were retrospectively analyzed. The incidences of CVHD between60 to 69,70 to 79 and 80 to 89 years old patients were compared,the differences of the incidence in different parts and ages CVHD patients were analyzed. The involvement of the heart valve,hemodynamic change,cardiac enlargement,dysfunction and characteristics of echocardiography in CVHD patients were analyzed. Results： Ninty-four CVHD cases in 368 senile patients were detected by echocardiography,the total incidence of which was 25. 54%. With the increasing of age,the incidence of CVHD increased（ P〈0. 05）.The difference of the incidence of simple aortic valve CVHD in different ages was statistically significant（ P〈0. 01）. The hemodynamic change,hypertension,coronary heart disease,diabetes and hyperlipidemia in some patients were found. Conclusions： The incidence of CVHD in elderly patients increases with the increasing of age,the major disease location is the simple aortic valve,and the aortic and mitral stenosis,reflux,heart cavity expansion,hypertrophy and cardiac dysfunction are found in more than half of patients.Echocardiography can clearly show the valve calcification and location,monitor hemodynamic change,accurately assess the heart valve,which is no injury and worthy of clinical application.

关 键 词：心脏瓣膜疾病 主动脉瓣 二尖瓣 超声心动图 

分 类 号：R542.5[医药卫生—心血管疾病]